<p>Natural bioglues, derived from biologically occurring substances, belong to a category of synthetic polymers with adhesive properties widely applied in medicine as well as biotechnology due to their unique characteristics. As regards the most popular sources, bacterial, animal, and natural polymeric tissues account for most of the bioglues, whereby each has advantages in terms of adhesion and biocompatibility. Drug delivery and gene therapy can be carried out using bacterial bioglues, whereas bioglues based on collagen, gelatin, chitosan, or chondroitin form provide the basis for a diverse range of regenerative medicine applications. Decellularized tissue-derived bioglues are specifically helpful in the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds with a favorable cellular environment to induce regeneration. Bioglues that utilize natural products can be applied in wound care, as well as the delivery of drugs, genes, and antitumor therapy, and in tissue engineering. This review presents the main issues of natural-based bioglues, providing their history, structure, and applications, and at the same time giving a comprehensive review of technological progress in this area. Such bioglues have been proven to have the capacity to render medical and biotechnological treatment revolutionary, while the current state of research in this important area, which envisages future advances, is covered.</p>