<p>The increasing demand for efficient and environmentally friendly biomass processing techniques has led to interest in utilizing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a "green" alternative to conventional pretreatment reagents. The current review critically examines the utilization of DESs for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass and biorefinery operations, recyclability, composition, and solvent capability. Key outcomes show that DESs offer superior lignin removal, hemicellulose solubilization, and enzymatic hydrolysis enhancement, leading to good yields of biofuels, sugars, and other value-added bioproducts. The review brings together knowledge from life cycle studies and techno-economic studies and addresses current limitations of high viscosity and non-scalability, and proposes how these can be avoided. Through the incorporation of recent advances, this study establishes the platform of DES-based biomass conversion and offers a roadmap for the future creation of efficient, scalable, and sustainable biorefinery systems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Deep eutectic solvents in biomass pretreatment for green approach: a comprehensive review

  • Munir Hussain,
  • Hafiz Tanveer Ashraf,
  • Vikul Vasudev,
  • Sohail Yasin,
  • Muhammad Imran Jamil,
  • Menahil Saleem,
  • Tariq Aziz,
  • Easir Al Afroz,
  • Zhu Feichao,
  • Zhang Huapeng,
  • Yu Bin

摘要

The increasing demand for efficient and environmentally friendly biomass processing techniques has led to interest in utilizing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a "green" alternative to conventional pretreatment reagents. The current review critically examines the utilization of DESs for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass and biorefinery operations, recyclability, composition, and solvent capability. Key outcomes show that DESs offer superior lignin removal, hemicellulose solubilization, and enzymatic hydrolysis enhancement, leading to good yields of biofuels, sugars, and other value-added bioproducts. The review brings together knowledge from life cycle studies and techno-economic studies and addresses current limitations of high viscosity and non-scalability, and proposes how these can be avoided. Through the incorporation of recent advances, this study establishes the platform of DES-based biomass conversion and offers a roadmap for the future creation of efficient, scalable, and sustainable biorefinery systems.

Graphical abstract