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<p>The current work focuses on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite–pectin, and hydroxyapatite–xanthan composites using hydrothermal method. The prepared products were analyzed using several characterizations techniques; XRD, FT-IR, SEM, elemental analysis, specific surface area, and TGA/DTA. The addition of pectin or xanthan onto hydroxyapatite had no impact on the crystal phases' composition of composites. The crystallite size (<i>D</i>) values of the prepared composites were substantially lower than the <i>D</i> values of hydroxyapatite. The morphology of hydroxyapatite revealed irregular particles. However, the prepared composites had a range of sizes and non-defined shapes. EDX analysis of all synthesized hydroxyapatite samples confirmed the presence of Ca, P, O, and C elements. The atomic ratio value of Ca/P on the surface of the prepared powders was 2.47, 2.09, and 1.91 for hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite–pectin (10%), and hydroxyapatite–xanthan (5%), respectively. The specific surface area values of the prepared composites (18.61&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g and 5.97&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g) were reduced compared to unmodified hydroxyapatite (21.64&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g). At optimum conditions, the adsorption capacities of methylene blue reached 252&#xa0;mg/g, 223&#xa0;mg/g, and 124&#xa0;mg/g for hydroxyapatite–xanthan (5%), hydroxyapatite–pectin (10%), and hydroxyapatite, respectively. The adsorption mechanisms were non-spontaneous and exothermic. Overall, the results suggested that the prepared composites could be considered as potential adsorbents of cationic dyes from colored water.</p>

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Adsorption of cationic dyes from water using hydroxyapatite–pectin and hydroxyapatite–xanthan composites prepared by hydrothermal method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Nabil Mabrouki,
  • Hassen Agougui,
  • Mariem Brahim,
  • Mahjoub Jabli,
  • Faridah Sonsudin,
  • Khaled Boughzala

摘要

The current work focuses on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite–pectin, and hydroxyapatite–xanthan composites using hydrothermal method. The prepared products were analyzed using several characterizations techniques; XRD, FT-IR, SEM, elemental analysis, specific surface area, and TGA/DTA. The addition of pectin or xanthan onto hydroxyapatite had no impact on the crystal phases' composition of composites. The crystallite size (D) values of the prepared composites were substantially lower than the D values of hydroxyapatite. The morphology of hydroxyapatite revealed irregular particles. However, the prepared composites had a range of sizes and non-defined shapes. EDX analysis of all synthesized hydroxyapatite samples confirmed the presence of Ca, P, O, and C elements. The atomic ratio value of Ca/P on the surface of the prepared powders was 2.47, 2.09, and 1.91 for hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite–pectin (10%), and hydroxyapatite–xanthan (5%), respectively. The specific surface area values of the prepared composites (18.61 m2/g and 5.97 m2/g) were reduced compared to unmodified hydroxyapatite (21.64 m2/g). At optimum conditions, the adsorption capacities of methylene blue reached 252 mg/g, 223 mg/g, and 124 mg/g for hydroxyapatite–xanthan (5%), hydroxyapatite–pectin (10%), and hydroxyapatite, respectively. The adsorption mechanisms were non-spontaneous and exothermic. Overall, the results suggested that the prepared composites could be considered as potential adsorbents of cationic dyes from colored water.