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<p>The&#xa0;production of biomedical devices&#xa0;has been completely transformed&#xa0;by&#xa0;additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, because of&#xa0;its&#xa0;ability&#xa0;to&#xa0;precisely create intricate, customized&#xa0;geometries.&#xa0;In biomedical applications, elastomers are highly advantageous due to&#xa0;their&#xa0;remarkable&#xa0;flexibility, biocompatibility, and&#xa0;capacity&#xa0;to&#xa0;mimic&#xa0;the mechanical&#xa0;characteristics&#xa0;of biological&#xa0;tissues.&#xa0;The&#xa0;two types&#xa0;of elastomers&#xa0;are thermosets, which are distinguished by&#xa0;their&#xa0;long-lasting&#xa0;cross-linked structures, and&#xa0;thermoplastics,&#xa0;which&#xa0;are capable of&#xa0;multiple melting and reshaping processes.&#xa0;The biomedical industry makes extensive use of silicone rubber, polyurethanes, and thermoplastic elastomers. Each has unique qualities that make it suitable for a range of medical devices, such as prosthetics, implants, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Many additive manufacturing processes, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser sintering (SLS), can now be utilized to create elastomeric materials. These methods facilitate the development of intricate patterns with particular mechanical properties.&#xa0;This review&#xa0;expands&#xa0;the&#xa0;use&#xa0;of additive manufacturing in the biomedical&#xa0;field by discussing new methods for producing thermoset elastomers. To improve&#xa0;the curing process of&#xa0;elastomers and consequently&#xa0;their mechanical properties and fabrication&#xa0;speed, the in situ dual heating method, for example, makes use of a heat source. Another innovative approach is freeform reversible embedding, which enables the creation of detailed, unsupported structures by embedding the elastomer in a reversible support matrix during the printing phase. Advanced biomedical devices with enhanced functionalities and customization surpass the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods and open avenues for innovative therapeutic development by the virtue of additive manufacturing techniques, which produce solutions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Exploring additive manufacturing of elastomers in biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月19日

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  • Shrinath Mote,
  • Shruti Gupta,
  • Aboli Jangitwar,
  • Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian

摘要

The production of biomedical devices has been completely transformed by additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, because of its ability to precisely create intricate, customized geometries. In biomedical applications, elastomers are highly advantageous due to their remarkable flexibility, biocompatibility, and capacity to mimic the mechanical characteristics of biological tissues. The two types of elastomers are thermosets, which are distinguished by their long-lasting cross-linked structures, and thermoplastics, which are capable of multiple melting and reshaping processes. The biomedical industry makes extensive use of silicone rubber, polyurethanes, and thermoplastic elastomers. Each has unique qualities that make it suitable for a range of medical devices, such as prosthetics, implants, and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Many additive manufacturing processes, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), and selective laser sintering (SLS), can now be utilized to create elastomeric materials. These methods facilitate the development of intricate patterns with particular mechanical properties. This review expands the use of additive manufacturing in the biomedical field by discussing new methods for producing thermoset elastomers. To improve the curing process of elastomers and consequently their mechanical properties and fabrication speed, the in situ dual heating method, for example, makes use of a heat source. Another innovative approach is freeform reversible embedding, which enables the creation of detailed, unsupported structures by embedding the elastomer in a reversible support matrix during the printing phase. Advanced biomedical devices with enhanced functionalities and customization surpass the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods and open avenues for innovative therapeutic development by the virtue of additive manufacturing techniques, which produce solutions.

Graphical abstract