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<p>Nowadays, surface-functionalized polymer composites are one of the promising candidates for adsorbing a wide range of contaminants from water and air. In this study, we report the synthesis of amine-functionalized polystyrene/poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) [PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂] composites for aqueous CO₂ adsorption. Polystyrene (PS) particles were initially produced via a dispersion polymerization. Subsequently, acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) were copolymerized in the presence of the PS particles as seeds. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as a cross-linker to form PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA) composites. In the final step, amide groups (-CONH<sub>2</sub>) were partially transformed into primary amine (-NH<sub>2</sub>) groups via a <i>Hoffmann</i> degradation reaction. The functionalization was validated using conventional diazonium salt and Schiff base formation assays, as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR) spectroscopy. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed uniform, spherical particles with a smooth texture. Additionally, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements showed pH-dependent changes in particle size and surface charge. The amphiprotic nature of the PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂ composites was demonstrated through adsorption capacities of 1.132&#xa0;mmol&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup> for anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at pH 4 and 0.74&#xa0;mmol&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup> for cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTABr) at pH 10. Notably, the polymer composite exhibited a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 7.143&#xa0;mmol&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>, significantly higher than the unmodified PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA) (1.668&#xa0;mmol&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>), retaining 61.1% of its initial adsorption efficiency following three regeneration cycles. These findings underscore the potential of PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂ composites as highly efficient and recyclable adsorbents for CO₂ removal from aqueous solutions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Di-functional pH-responsive amphiprotic polymer composite particles for efficient adsorption of aqueous CO2

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • A. S. M. Maruf Galib,
  • Md. Muhyminul Islam,
  • Md. Asheq Mahamud,
  • Md. Abdur Rahman,
  • Md. Shamim Hossan,
  • Hasan Ahmad,
  • Md. Abdul Jalil Miah,
  • Md. Mahbubor Rahman,
  • Md. Ashraful Alam

摘要

Nowadays, surface-functionalized polymer composites are one of the promising candidates for adsorbing a wide range of contaminants from water and air. In this study, we report the synthesis of amine-functionalized polystyrene/poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) [PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂] composites for aqueous CO₂ adsorption. Polystyrene (PS) particles were initially produced via a dispersion polymerization. Subsequently, acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AAm) were copolymerized in the presence of the PS particles as seeds. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as a cross-linker to form PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA) composites. In the final step, amide groups (-CONH2) were partially transformed into primary amine (-NH2) groups via a Hoffmann degradation reaction. The functionalization was validated using conventional diazonium salt and Schiff base formation assays, as well as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed uniform, spherical particles with a smooth texture. Additionally, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements showed pH-dependent changes in particle size and surface charge. The amphiprotic nature of the PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂ composites was demonstrated through adsorption capacities of 1.132 mmol g⁻1 for anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at pH 4 and 0.74 mmol g⁻1 for cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTABr) at pH 10. Notably, the polymer composite exhibited a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 7.143 mmol g⁻1, significantly higher than the unmodified PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA) (1.668 mmol g⁻1), retaining 61.1% of its initial adsorption efficiency following three regeneration cycles. These findings underscore the potential of PS/P(AA-AAm-EGDMA)-NH₂ composites as highly efficient and recyclable adsorbents for CO₂ removal from aqueous solutions.

Graphical abstract