An overview: non-toxic and eco-friendly polysaccharides—its classification, properties, and diverse applications

In recent years, there has been a noticeable upsurge in interest surrounding materials based on polysaccharides. This heightened attention is driven by both ecological concerns and economic considerations, and it is evident across industrial and academic spheres. The increasing alarm over pollution, especially visible pollution, has prompted researchers and industry professionals to seek biodegradable alternatives as sustainable solutions. Polysaccharides have emerged as a promising platform in this quest, aligning with the goal of achieving a pollution-free environment. Biodegradable polymers are now favored over their synthetic counterparts due to their inherent chemical, physical, and biological properties. The distinctive characteristics of biopolymers, such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness, render them highly adaptable for a wide range of applications. Both natural and synthetic biopolymers possess the ability for enzymatic degradation, a feature that is currently undergoing extensive exploration for various applications. This comprehensive review aims to highlight the significance of polysaccharides, covering their classification, properties, synthesis methods, and diverse applications. By delving into the multifaceted aspects of polysaccharides, this review endeavors to contribute to the understanding of their potential as sustainable alternatives in the pursuit of a cleaner and more environmentally friendly future.