Enhancing the performance of styrene–butadiene rubber with nanoceramic powder for wear-resistant lining sheets

Nanomaterials exhibit distinct characteristics from conventional materials as a result of their extensive surface area and condensed dimensions. Additionally, it possesses unique and outstanding functionalities that render it a valuable addition to asphalt pavement. The optimal production process parameters were determined by the characteristics of the binder and nanomaterial. In this work, styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) was loaded with a synthesized nanoceramic powder, namely, mullite (3Al₂O₃–2SiO₂) in different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5 and 10 wt%) concerning the weight of rubber. Mullite is a scarce silicate mineral having a high abrasion resistance and acceptable thermal stability. In the current work, it was synthesized through the sol–gel method providing a ceramic powder. It was sintered up to 1000 °C producing nano-sized ceramic particles. We attempt to introduce synthesized mullite into the elastomeric matrix of SBR to boost its abrasion resistance. Novel nanocomposites of SBR and mullite were prepared mechanically. Subsequently, they were molded in a hot press forming thin films as sheets for investigations. Scanning electron microscopy showed a good dispersion for the ceramic particles inside the elastomeric matrix. The produced hybrid rubber/ceramic (organic/inorganic) nanocomposites can be applied as favorable linear sheets in industrial and construction applications.