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<p>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a major healthcare-associated pathogen with limited treatment options, and the ongoing rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. Curcumin, a bioactive compound derived from <i>Curcuma longa</i>, has demonstrated antimicrobial properties. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of curcumin in combination with ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin against clinical MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> isolates. Forty MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> clinical isolates were collected, and their antibiotic susceptibility was confirmed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Broth microdilution assays determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of curcumin and each antibiotic; synergistic interactions were evaluated using checkerboard assays. All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. In broth microdilution, curcumin alone exhibited a MIC range of 625–2500&#xa0;µg/mL, while MIC ranges for ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin were 32–512, 8–128, 16–512, and 32–128&#xa0;µg/mL, respectively. Checkerboard assays revealed synergistic interactions (fractional inhibitory concentration index ≤ 0.5) between curcumin and each antibiotic, with synergy observed in 90% of isolates for curcumin–imipenem, 87.5% for curcumin–ciprofloxacin, 80% for curcumin–ceftazidime, and 72.5% for curcumin–gentamicin. No antagonistic effects were observed. These findings demonstrate that curcumin can potentiate the activity of antibiotics against MDR <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii in vitro</i>; however, due to curcumin’s high concentration requirements and limited systemic bioavailability, further pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies and optimized formulation strategies are needed to assess its clinical potential.</p>

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Enhancing Antibiotic Efficacy with Curcumin: A Novel Approach To Combat Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Kasra Javadi,
  • Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi,
  • Mehdi Rajabnia,
  • Mehrdad Halaji

摘要

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a major healthcare-associated pathogen with limited treatment options, and the ongoing rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. Curcumin, a bioactive compound derived from Curcuma longa, has demonstrated antimicrobial properties. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of curcumin in combination with ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin against clinical MDR A. baumannii isolates. Forty MDR A. baumannii clinical isolates were collected, and their antibiotic susceptibility was confirmed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Broth microdilution assays determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of curcumin and each antibiotic; synergistic interactions were evaluated using checkerboard assays. All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. In broth microdilution, curcumin alone exhibited a MIC range of 625–2500 µg/mL, while MIC ranges for ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin were 32–512, 8–128, 16–512, and 32–128 µg/mL, respectively. Checkerboard assays revealed synergistic interactions (fractional inhibitory concentration index ≤ 0.5) between curcumin and each antibiotic, with synergy observed in 90% of isolates for curcumin–imipenem, 87.5% for curcumin–ciprofloxacin, 80% for curcumin–ceftazidime, and 72.5% for curcumin–gentamicin. No antagonistic effects were observed. These findings demonstrate that curcumin can potentiate the activity of antibiotics against MDR A. baumannii in vitro; however, due to curcumin’s high concentration requirements and limited systemic bioavailability, further pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies and optimized formulation strategies are needed to assess its clinical potential.