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<p>Hibernation induces significant physiological changes in mammals, including suppressed immune responses, metabolic downregulation, and shifts in gut microbiota activity. This study examined seasonal variation in the functional properties of gut microbiota in <i>Nyctalus noctula</i> by assessing the genotoxic and oxidative effects of microbial metabolites using lux-biosensor assays based on <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains carrying stress-inducible promoters: PrecA for detecting DNA damage responses and PkatG for oxidative stress responses. Fifty-eight microbial isolates were obtained from fecal samples collected during hibernation (<i>n</i> = 26) and active (<i>n</i> = 32) periods and evaluated for mutagenic, DNA-protective, antioxidant, and prooxidant activities. Metabolites from isolates collected during hibernation exhibited significantly stronger DNA-protective effects compared to those from active bats, while oxidative stress modulation did not differ significantly between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between bacterial abundance and antioxidant responses, suggesting a possible link between microbial density and functional activity. These results indicate that the physiological state of the host influences the functional output of gut microbiota, particularly in relation to DNA protection. The findings enhance our understanding of seasonal microbiome–host interactions in bats and underscore the relevance of microbial metabolites in shaping host stress responses during hibernation.</p>

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Seasonal Variation in the Mutagenic and Oxidative Properties of Gut Microbiota in Active and Hibernating Common Noctules (Nyctalus noctula)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • Igor V. Popov,
  • Sergey A. Emelyantsev,
  • Ilia V. Popov,
  • Evgeniya V. Prazdnova,
  • Iraida S. Berezinskaia,
  • Irina B. Koroleva,
  • Vladislav E. Gorobets,
  • Inna S. Tsurkova,
  • Anna V. Aleshukina,
  • Tatiana I. Tverdokhlebova,
  • Michael L. Chikindas,
  • Svetoslav D. Todorov,
  • Alexey M. Ermakov

摘要

Hibernation induces significant physiological changes in mammals, including suppressed immune responses, metabolic downregulation, and shifts in gut microbiota activity. This study examined seasonal variation in the functional properties of gut microbiota in Nyctalus noctula by assessing the genotoxic and oxidative effects of microbial metabolites using lux-biosensor assays based on Escherichia coli strains carrying stress-inducible promoters: PrecA for detecting DNA damage responses and PkatG for oxidative stress responses. Fifty-eight microbial isolates were obtained from fecal samples collected during hibernation (n = 26) and active (n = 32) periods and evaluated for mutagenic, DNA-protective, antioxidant, and prooxidant activities. Metabolites from isolates collected during hibernation exhibited significantly stronger DNA-protective effects compared to those from active bats, while oxidative stress modulation did not differ significantly between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between bacterial abundance and antioxidant responses, suggesting a possible link between microbial density and functional activity. These results indicate that the physiological state of the host influences the functional output of gut microbiota, particularly in relation to DNA protection. The findings enhance our understanding of seasonal microbiome–host interactions in bats and underscore the relevance of microbial metabolites in shaping host stress responses during hibernation.