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<p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global cause of cancer-related deaths, influenced by both genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors. Inherited syndromes such as Lynch syndrome and Familial Adenomatous Polyposis account for a minority of cases, while modifiable risk factors like diet, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity significantly contribute to incidence rates. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, has garnered interest due to its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, particularly in CRC prevention and therapy. Despite promising preclinical data, challenges such as poor bioavailability hinder its clinical translation. Innovative delivery systems are under development to enhance its therapeutic potential. This review explores CRC’s epidemiology, risk factors, current treatments, and curcumin’s emerging role in management strategies. </p> Graphical abstract <p>Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic effects by modulating key molecular targets such as NF-κB, COX-2, SOD, p53, AP-1, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. It regulates the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins including Bcl-2, Bax, and caspases, thereby promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor progression. To overcome its poor bioavailability and enhance targeted delivery, various nanocarrier systems have been developed, including liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanogels, and gold nanoparticles. These nanoformulations improve curcumin’s solubility, stability, and therapeutic efficacy, making it a promising compound for both the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.</p> <p></p>

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Curcumin in colorectal cancer: preventive strategies and therapeutic mechanisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Amit Sharma,
  • Bhavin Parekh,
  • Vinay Patil,
  • Usamah Sayed,
  • Renuka Jyothi,
  • Priya Priyadarshini Nayak,
  • Ashish Singh Chauhan,
  • Siya Singla

摘要

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global cause of cancer-related deaths, influenced by both genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors. Inherited syndromes such as Lynch syndrome and Familial Adenomatous Polyposis account for a minority of cases, while modifiable risk factors like diet, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity significantly contribute to incidence rates. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, has garnered interest due to its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, particularly in CRC prevention and therapy. Despite promising preclinical data, challenges such as poor bioavailability hinder its clinical translation. Innovative delivery systems are under development to enhance its therapeutic potential. This review explores CRC’s epidemiology, risk factors, current treatments, and curcumin’s emerging role in management strategies.

Graphical abstract

Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-apoptotic effects by modulating key molecular targets such as NF-κB, COX-2, SOD, p53, AP-1, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. It regulates the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins including Bcl-2, Bax, and caspases, thereby promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor progression. To overcome its poor bioavailability and enhance targeted delivery, various nanocarrier systems have been developed, including liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanogels, and gold nanoparticles. These nanoformulations improve curcumin’s solubility, stability, and therapeutic efficacy, making it a promising compound for both the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.