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<p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a rare cause of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA), that can present either with normal ADAMTS13 activity (referred as HIV-related TMA) or suppressed ADAMTS13 activity (referred as HIV-related acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, aTTP). The distinct characteristics and management of these two conditions is poorly known, given their rarity and often overlapping features. Here, we report the case of a 46-year-old female patient with TTP who received a diagnosis of HIV infection at her ADAMTS13 relapse and obtained complete remission only with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Moreover, we summarize the existing evidence in the literature about clinical presentation, outcomes and treatment of HIV-related aTTP/TMA.</p>

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Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and HIV infection: a case report and review of the literature

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Silvio Rao,
  • Arianna Liparoti,
  • Juri Alessandro Giannotta,
  • Andrea Artoni,
  • Antonio Muscatello,
  • Alessandra Bandera,
  • Flora Peyvandi

摘要

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a rare cause of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA), that can present either with normal ADAMTS13 activity (referred as HIV-related TMA) or suppressed ADAMTS13 activity (referred as HIV-related acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, aTTP). The distinct characteristics and management of these two conditions is poorly known, given their rarity and often overlapping features. Here, we report the case of a 46-year-old female patient with TTP who received a diagnosis of HIV infection at her ADAMTS13 relapse and obtained complete remission only with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Moreover, we summarize the existing evidence in the literature about clinical presentation, outcomes and treatment of HIV-related aTTP/TMA.