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<p>Water scarcity increasingly challenges sustainable walnut production, yet the influence of irrigation management on walnut oil quality remains insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation regimes and irrigation levels on fruit quality and oil composition of Chandler walnut (<i>Juglans regia</i> L.) over three consecutive years (2021–2023) in Tekirdağ, Türkiye. Two irrigation strategies—Class A pan evaporation and soil water depletion—were applied at three irrigation levels (75%, 100%, and 125% of the calculated water requirement) using a randomized block design. Walnut kernels were analyzed for dry matter, oil content, free fatty acidity, peroxide value, fatty acid composition, tocopherols, sterols, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity. Dry matter ranged from 95.25 to 97.69%, while oil content varied between 56.07 and 70.19%. Linoleic (61.29–62.99%), linolenic (13.94–16.02%), and oleic acids (12.77–14.90%) were the dominant fatty acids. Despite different irrigation treatments, oil quality parameters were largely preserved, indicating the resilience of walnut oil composition to moderate water stress. These findings demonstrate that moderate irrigation adjustments can enhance water use efficiency without adversely affecting walnut oil quality.</p>

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Effects of irrigation regimes and levels on oil quality and bioactive compounds of Chandler walnut (Juglans regia L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Erhan Göçmen,
  • Buse Önler,
  • Tolga Erdem,
  • Özgür Karadaş Konuk,
  • Mehmet Şener,
  • Ümit Geçgel

摘要

Water scarcity increasingly challenges sustainable walnut production, yet the influence of irrigation management on walnut oil quality remains insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation regimes and irrigation levels on fruit quality and oil composition of Chandler walnut (Juglans regia L.) over three consecutive years (2021–2023) in Tekirdağ, Türkiye. Two irrigation strategies—Class A pan evaporation and soil water depletion—were applied at three irrigation levels (75%, 100%, and 125% of the calculated water requirement) using a randomized block design. Walnut kernels were analyzed for dry matter, oil content, free fatty acidity, peroxide value, fatty acid composition, tocopherols, sterols, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity. Dry matter ranged from 95.25 to 97.69%, while oil content varied between 56.07 and 70.19%. Linoleic (61.29–62.99%), linolenic (13.94–16.02%), and oleic acids (12.77–14.90%) were the dominant fatty acids. Despite different irrigation treatments, oil quality parameters were largely preserved, indicating the resilience of walnut oil composition to moderate water stress. These findings demonstrate that moderate irrigation adjustments can enhance water use efficiency without adversely affecting walnut oil quality.