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<p>Precision irrigation with integrated fertilizer solution offers significant potential for the conservation of water and nutrients and enhancement of crop yield in facility agriculture. However, optimal strategies for table grape (<i>Vitis vinifera L.</i>) production in solar greenhouses remain undefined. Hence this three-year study (2021–2023) aimed to identify the ideal irrigation and fertilization ranges for maximizing yield, quality, and water productivity (<i>WP</i>) of greenhouse table grapes in Northeast China. To this end, a drip irrigation experiment was conducted with ten treatments: a control (CK) irrigated at 80–90% field capacity (θ<sub>f</sub>) and fertilized at 260‑119‑485&#xa0;kg ha⁻¹ N‑P₂O₅‑K₂O, plus nine combinations of three irrigation rates (50–90% θ<sub>f</sub> (W1), 60–90% θ<sub>f</sub> (W2), 70–90% θ<sub>f</sub> (W3)) and three fertilization rates—60% (F1), 75% (F2), and 90% (F3) of CK rate. The results indicated that while the physical quality of berry improved under higher irrigation rate (W3), key biochemical indices including total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugar content (SSC), and vitamin C (Vc) were significantly enhanced under moderate irrigation rate (W2). The treatment W2F3 achieved the highest fruit quality, surpassing CK by an average of 20.73%. Sugar‑acid ratio increased significantly under W3F3, W2F3, and W1F2 treatments. Yield generally decreased with decreasing irrigation, except under W3F2. Water productivity improved markedly in W1F2, W1F3, and W2F3, exceeding CK by 34.38%, 26.84%, and 18.97%, respectively. The highest partial factor productivity of fertilizer (<i>PFP</i><sub>f</sub>) was for W3F1. Using the entropy‑weighted TOPSIS method for multi‑criteria decision‑making, W2F3 (60–90% θ<sub>f</sub> irrigation with 90% CK fertilization) was identified as the optimal strategy. This regime delivered the best integrated performance—superior grape quality, high yield, water savings of 21–23% (3688–4048&#xa0;m³ ha⁻¹), and a 10% (65&#xa0;kg ha⁻¹) reduction in fertilizer use. The study thus established a critical water‑fertilizer management strategy for sustainable and efficient table grape production in solar greenhouse.</p>

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Effect of integrated water-fertilizer on table grape productivity and fruit quality under drip-irrigated greenhouse condition in cold Northeast China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Shining Fu,
  • Xinguang Wei,
  • Ningbo Cui

摘要

Precision irrigation with integrated fertilizer solution offers significant potential for the conservation of water and nutrients and enhancement of crop yield in facility agriculture. However, optimal strategies for table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) production in solar greenhouses remain undefined. Hence this three-year study (2021–2023) aimed to identify the ideal irrigation and fertilization ranges for maximizing yield, quality, and water productivity (WP) of greenhouse table grapes in Northeast China. To this end, a drip irrigation experiment was conducted with ten treatments: a control (CK) irrigated at 80–90% field capacity (θf) and fertilized at 260‑119‑485 kg ha⁻¹ N‑P₂O₅‑K₂O, plus nine combinations of three irrigation rates (50–90% θf (W1), 60–90% θf (W2), 70–90% θf (W3)) and three fertilization rates—60% (F1), 75% (F2), and 90% (F3) of CK rate. The results indicated that while the physical quality of berry improved under higher irrigation rate (W3), key biochemical indices including total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugar content (SSC), and vitamin C (Vc) were significantly enhanced under moderate irrigation rate (W2). The treatment W2F3 achieved the highest fruit quality, surpassing CK by an average of 20.73%. Sugar‑acid ratio increased significantly under W3F3, W2F3, and W1F2 treatments. Yield generally decreased with decreasing irrigation, except under W3F2. Water productivity improved markedly in W1F2, W1F3, and W2F3, exceeding CK by 34.38%, 26.84%, and 18.97%, respectively. The highest partial factor productivity of fertilizer (PFPf) was for W3F1. Using the entropy‑weighted TOPSIS method for multi‑criteria decision‑making, W2F3 (60–90% θf irrigation with 90% CK fertilization) was identified as the optimal strategy. This regime delivered the best integrated performance—superior grape quality, high yield, water savings of 21–23% (3688–4048 m³ ha⁻¹), and a 10% (65 kg ha⁻¹) reduction in fertilizer use. The study thus established a critical water‑fertilizer management strategy for sustainable and efficient table grape production in solar greenhouse.