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<p>Northwestern China, with scarce water resources, has the potential to enhance food security by promoting efficient vegetable cultivation, saving water and freeing up arable land. To explore the potential to simultaneously improve yield, quality and crop water productivity (CWP), this study used ‘Kailai (37–83) RZ F1’ peppers and tested six treatment combinations. Specifically, three irrigation frequencies were set: once (IF1), twice (IF2), or four times (IF4) daily, all of which maintained substrate moisture at 55−60% (v: v). Two nutrient solution supply strategies were applied: NSS1 (250 mL/plant or 500 mL/plant daily, adjusted before or after the third fruit set harvest) or NSS2 (initially 250 mL/plant daily, with 50 mL/plant increments after each fruit set harvest reaching 500 mL/plant). Plant growth, biomass, nutrients (N, P, K), yield, CWP, and fruit quality were evaluated in 2021 autumn and 2022 spring. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) indicated that IF and NSS affected biomass and nutrient partitioning, yield, CWP, and fruit quality. In autumn, conservative biomass and nutrient allocations to root and leaf limited fruit development, average allocations to fruit of 33.56% (biomass), 33.04% (N), 44.92% (P), and 27.61% (K), resulting in a negative total effect on comprehensive production efficiency (PCPE). In spring, these constraints were absent, and fruit allocations increased to 41.51% (biomass), 33.40% (N), 50.19% (P), and 31.40% (K), showing a positive total effect on PCPE. Treatment variation in spring was more pronounced, with positive correlations among yield, CWP, and pepper fruit quality index (PFQI), while in autumn, CWP was negatively correlated with yield and PFQI. The findings suggest that optimal irrigation frequency and nutrient supply strategies improve pepper yield, quality, and CWP by affecting biomass and nutrient partitioning. IF4NSS2 achieved the highest PCPE in both seasons, which was identified as the optimal strategy for substrate-grown peppers.</p>

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Optimized biomass and nutrient partitioning through appropriate irrigation and nutrient supply enhances pepper production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Tieli Peng,
  • Daoming Zhou,
  • Linyang Wang,
  • Leiqiao Yu,
  • Xin Xiong,
  • Ai Zhen,
  • Xiaohui Hu

摘要

Northwestern China, with scarce water resources, has the potential to enhance food security by promoting efficient vegetable cultivation, saving water and freeing up arable land. To explore the potential to simultaneously improve yield, quality and crop water productivity (CWP), this study used ‘Kailai (37–83) RZ F1’ peppers and tested six treatment combinations. Specifically, three irrigation frequencies were set: once (IF1), twice (IF2), or four times (IF4) daily, all of which maintained substrate moisture at 55−60% (v: v). Two nutrient solution supply strategies were applied: NSS1 (250 mL/plant or 500 mL/plant daily, adjusted before or after the third fruit set harvest) or NSS2 (initially 250 mL/plant daily, with 50 mL/plant increments after each fruit set harvest reaching 500 mL/plant). Plant growth, biomass, nutrients (N, P, K), yield, CWP, and fruit quality were evaluated in 2021 autumn and 2022 spring. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) indicated that IF and NSS affected biomass and nutrient partitioning, yield, CWP, and fruit quality. In autumn, conservative biomass and nutrient allocations to root and leaf limited fruit development, average allocations to fruit of 33.56% (biomass), 33.04% (N), 44.92% (P), and 27.61% (K), resulting in a negative total effect on comprehensive production efficiency (PCPE). In spring, these constraints were absent, and fruit allocations increased to 41.51% (biomass), 33.40% (N), 50.19% (P), and 31.40% (K), showing a positive total effect on PCPE. Treatment variation in spring was more pronounced, with positive correlations among yield, CWP, and pepper fruit quality index (PFQI), while in autumn, CWP was negatively correlated with yield and PFQI. The findings suggest that optimal irrigation frequency and nutrient supply strategies improve pepper yield, quality, and CWP by affecting biomass and nutrient partitioning. IF4NSS2 achieved the highest PCPE in both seasons, which was identified as the optimal strategy for substrate-grown peppers.