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<p>Periodically removing greenhouse shelters to utilize seasonal rainfall for soil salt leaching is recommended as a sustainable desalinization strategy. Identifying proper field measures to mitigate fluctuations in leaching efficiency caused by rainfall variability is crucial for concurrent rain-fed cultivation. Here, lysimeter-based experiments and HYDRUS-based modeling were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the effects of subsurface pipe drainage (SPD) and straw mulching (SM) on soil water‒salt dynamics under rainfall conditions during two consecutive summer maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) growing seasons. The HYDRUS model demonstrated reliable predictions, with normalized root mean square error and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values ranging from 2.0 to 14.2% and 0.52 to 0.90 for soil moisture and from 6.1 to 23.1% and 0.51 to 0.82 for soil salinity, respectively. Mass balance analysis revealed that the seasonal water and solute discharge through SPD could increase by an average of 11.3% and 6.9%, respectively, when combined with SM. Scenario simulations incorporating supplemental irrigation demonstrated that reasonable irrigation intervals require synchronization with rainfall‒evapotranspiration dynamics to balance leaching efficacy against crop water stress risks. The maximum solute removal occurred when the irrigation intensity matched the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the topsoil (0–30&#xa0;cm). Furthermore, layout optimization revealed that a 0.92&#xa0;m SPD depth combined with a 7.99&#xa0;cm SM thickness achieved peak soil desalinization efficiency under rainfall-driven leaching conditions.</p>

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Subsurface pipe drainage and straw mulching synergistically enhance greenhouse-scale soil leaching via seasonal rainfall

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月20日

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  • Peirong Lu,
  • Yaxin Liu,
  • Zhanyu Zhang,
  • Ce Wang,
  • Mingyi Huang,
  • Congxuan Xia

摘要

Periodically removing greenhouse shelters to utilize seasonal rainfall for soil salt leaching is recommended as a sustainable desalinization strategy. Identifying proper field measures to mitigate fluctuations in leaching efficiency caused by rainfall variability is crucial for concurrent rain-fed cultivation. Here, lysimeter-based experiments and HYDRUS-based modeling were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the effects of subsurface pipe drainage (SPD) and straw mulching (SM) on soil water‒salt dynamics under rainfall conditions during two consecutive summer maize (Zea mays L.) growing seasons. The HYDRUS model demonstrated reliable predictions, with normalized root mean square error and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values ranging from 2.0 to 14.2% and 0.52 to 0.90 for soil moisture and from 6.1 to 23.1% and 0.51 to 0.82 for soil salinity, respectively. Mass balance analysis revealed that the seasonal water and solute discharge through SPD could increase by an average of 11.3% and 6.9%, respectively, when combined with SM. Scenario simulations incorporating supplemental irrigation demonstrated that reasonable irrigation intervals require synchronization with rainfall‒evapotranspiration dynamics to balance leaching efficacy against crop water stress risks. The maximum solute removal occurred when the irrigation intensity matched the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the topsoil (0–30 cm). Furthermore, layout optimization revealed that a 0.92 m SPD depth combined with a 7.99 cm SM thickness achieved peak soil desalinization efficiency under rainfall-driven leaching conditions.