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<p>Water scarcity, soil salinization and frequent use of heavy machinery severely limit the cotton growth and production in the arid regions. Nevertheless, the potential benefits of deep vertical rotary tillage (DVRT) and drip fertigation in mitigating the negative impact of soil salinity on seed cotton yield have been poorly understood. Two-year (from 2020 to 2021) field experiments were carried out in southern Xinjiang, China, to evaluate the influence of irrigation level [W<sub>1</sub> (360&#xa0;mm), W<sub>2</sub> (480&#xa0;mm, local level)] and deep vertical rotary tillage depth [T<sub>20</sub> (20&#xa0;cm), T<sub>40</sub> (40&#xa0;cm), T<sub>60</sub> (60&#xa0;cm)] on soil water storage, soil salinity, seed cotton yield, fertilizer productivity, water productivity (WP) and economic benefits. The conventional tillage with five-furrow plow machinery (20–25&#xa0;cm) was utilized as the control (CK). It was found that the soil water storage (SWS) and electrical conductivity decreased with increasing DVRT depth. Increasing irrigation level and DVRT depth significantly increased the nitrogen accumulation in cotton plants and seed cotton yield. Compared to W<sub>2</sub>CK (local irrigation level and conventional tillage), W<sub>1</sub>T<sub>60</sub> saved irrigation level by 25% and 25%, reduced soil salinity by 12.42% and 44.87%, and increased seed cotton yield by 45.29% and 67.29%, water productivity by 74.43% and 102.11%, partial factor productivity of nitrogen by 45.29% and 67.29%, net income by 140.42% and 213.05% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The findings suggest that DVRT significantly decreased soil salinity, improving the seed cotton yield, water-nitrogen productivity and economic benefit, especially under limited drip irrigation conditions.</p>

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Optimized irrigation level and deep vertical rotary tillage depth enhanced seed cotton yield, water-nitrogen productivity and economic benefit by reducing soil salinity: evidence from southern Xinjiang of China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月7日

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  • Zhentao Bai,
  • Ling Li,
  • Zhijie Li,
  • Pengfei Li,
  • Tangang Wang,
  • Junliang Fan,
  • Ping Gong,
  • Hongguang Liu

摘要

Water scarcity, soil salinization and frequent use of heavy machinery severely limit the cotton growth and production in the arid regions. Nevertheless, the potential benefits of deep vertical rotary tillage (DVRT) and drip fertigation in mitigating the negative impact of soil salinity on seed cotton yield have been poorly understood. Two-year (from 2020 to 2021) field experiments were carried out in southern Xinjiang, China, to evaluate the influence of irrigation level [W1 (360 mm), W2 (480 mm, local level)] and deep vertical rotary tillage depth [T20 (20 cm), T40 (40 cm), T60 (60 cm)] on soil water storage, soil salinity, seed cotton yield, fertilizer productivity, water productivity (WP) and economic benefits. The conventional tillage with five-furrow plow machinery (20–25 cm) was utilized as the control (CK). It was found that the soil water storage (SWS) and electrical conductivity decreased with increasing DVRT depth. Increasing irrigation level and DVRT depth significantly increased the nitrogen accumulation in cotton plants and seed cotton yield. Compared to W2CK (local irrigation level and conventional tillage), W1T60 saved irrigation level by 25% and 25%, reduced soil salinity by 12.42% and 44.87%, and increased seed cotton yield by 45.29% and 67.29%, water productivity by 74.43% and 102.11%, partial factor productivity of nitrogen by 45.29% and 67.29%, net income by 140.42% and 213.05% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The findings suggest that DVRT significantly decreased soil salinity, improving the seed cotton yield, water-nitrogen productivity and economic benefit, especially under limited drip irrigation conditions.