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<p>Environmental change–induced biodiversity loss highlights the need to understand how environmental heterogeneity regulates ecosystem stability. However, the maintenance mechanisms of plant community stability in lakeshore habitats remain unclear. Using trait-based surveys across 26 lakeshore sites combined with multi-group path analysis, we quantified how plant species diversity, functional diversity, and functional redundancy jointly determine community within-site spatial stability across soil nitrogen (N) and height relative to water surface (HRWS) gradients. Results indicate that the mechanisms regulating plant community stability are highly context-dependent. The drivers of stability quantified using ICV (inverse coefficient of variation) varied with nutrient availability: under low N conditions, higher species and functional diversity were positively associated with higher ICV, consistent with classic ecological expectations. However, in high N environments, this relationship inverted, with higher species diversity paradoxically leading to lower stability, suggesting a shift to a competition-driven regime. Furthermore, the expression of these mechanisms depended on the HRWS gradient, with a trade-off between the complementarity effect of species diversity and the insurance effect of functional redundancy emerging only in middle HRWS zones. This study provides valuable insights into the intrinsic, context-dependent mechanisms underlying the spatial stability of plant communities in lake riparian areas and is expected to inform the management and conservation of plant communities in freshwater lakes worldwide.</p>

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Topography and Soil Nitrogen Content in Lakeshores Modulate the Maintenance Pathways of plant Community Stability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Jiayi Zu,
  • Jihong Xia,
  • Xiujun Liu,
  • Wangwei Cai,
  • Qihua Wang,
  • Zewen Liu,
  • Kejun Xu,
  • Yue Wang,
  • Shuyi Ji

摘要

Environmental change–induced biodiversity loss highlights the need to understand how environmental heterogeneity regulates ecosystem stability. However, the maintenance mechanisms of plant community stability in lakeshore habitats remain unclear. Using trait-based surveys across 26 lakeshore sites combined with multi-group path analysis, we quantified how plant species diversity, functional diversity, and functional redundancy jointly determine community within-site spatial stability across soil nitrogen (N) and height relative to water surface (HRWS) gradients. Results indicate that the mechanisms regulating plant community stability are highly context-dependent. The drivers of stability quantified using ICV (inverse coefficient of variation) varied with nutrient availability: under low N conditions, higher species and functional diversity were positively associated with higher ICV, consistent with classic ecological expectations. However, in high N environments, this relationship inverted, with higher species diversity paradoxically leading to lower stability, suggesting a shift to a competition-driven regime. Furthermore, the expression of these mechanisms depended on the HRWS gradient, with a trade-off between the complementarity effect of species diversity and the insurance effect of functional redundancy emerging only in middle HRWS zones. This study provides valuable insights into the intrinsic, context-dependent mechanisms underlying the spatial stability of plant communities in lake riparian areas and is expected to inform the management and conservation of plant communities in freshwater lakes worldwide.