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Introduction <p>This study challenges the traditional dominance of facial symmetry as the gold standard of beauty by exploring facial asymmetry’s role in contemporary aesthetics. While symmetry has historically been associated with genetic fitness and attractiveness, evolving societal standards suggest growing recognition of asymmetry as a distinct aesthetic feature. This research aims to investigate whether facial asymmetry can play a positive role in beauty perceptions, especially across different demographic groups, and examines the influence of cultural norms, social media trends, and generational shifts.</p> Method <p>Using a dataset of 10,000 facial images, both real-world and synthetic, rated by 200 participants, this study applied machine learning models to quantify facial asymmetry and its relationship to attractiveness. Dlib and OpenCV were used to detect facial landmarks, measuring deviations in the jawline, mouth, and eyes. Multiple regression models and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were employed to predict attractiveness, incorporating sociocultural variables like cultural norms, social media influence, and generational shifts.</p> Results <p>A moderate negative correlation (−&#xa0;0.31) between facial asymmetry and attractiveness, with stronger sensitivity to jawline asymmetry was found. However, younger generations; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, Intersex, Asexual, including other diverse sexual and gender identities (LGBTQIA+) participants, and respondents from East Asia had more neutral or positive perceptions of asymmetry. CNN models achieved an <i>R-</i>squared value of 0.68, underscoring the impact of sociocultural factors. A quantum-like mathematical model further illustrated how beauty perceptions shift over time.</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlights a shift in beauty standards, where asymmetry is gaining recognition, especially among younger generations and underrepresented groups. The findings suggest that the true essence of beauty lies in embracing individuality and redefining attractiveness beyond traditional ideals.</p> Level of Evidence IV <p>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors <a href="http://www.springer.com/00266">www.springer.com/00266</a>.</p>

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Is Asymmetry the New Perfect? Redefining Beauty with Artificial Intelligence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Eqram Rahman,
  • Parinitha Rao,
  • Karim Sayed,
  • William Richard Webb,
  • Shabnam Sadeghi-Esfahlani,
  • Nanze Yu,
  • Patricia E Garcia,
  • Sotirios Ioannidis,
  • Alexander D Nassif,
  • Wolfgang G Philipp-Dormston,
  • Greg J Goodman,
  • Jean DA Carruthers,
  • Woffles TL Wu

摘要

Introduction

This study challenges the traditional dominance of facial symmetry as the gold standard of beauty by exploring facial asymmetry’s role in contemporary aesthetics. While symmetry has historically been associated with genetic fitness and attractiveness, evolving societal standards suggest growing recognition of asymmetry as a distinct aesthetic feature. This research aims to investigate whether facial asymmetry can play a positive role in beauty perceptions, especially across different demographic groups, and examines the influence of cultural norms, social media trends, and generational shifts.

Method

Using a dataset of 10,000 facial images, both real-world and synthetic, rated by 200 participants, this study applied machine learning models to quantify facial asymmetry and its relationship to attractiveness. Dlib and OpenCV were used to detect facial landmarks, measuring deviations in the jawline, mouth, and eyes. Multiple regression models and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were employed to predict attractiveness, incorporating sociocultural variables like cultural norms, social media influence, and generational shifts.

Results

A moderate negative correlation (− 0.31) between facial asymmetry and attractiveness, with stronger sensitivity to jawline asymmetry was found. However, younger generations; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, Intersex, Asexual, including other diverse sexual and gender identities (LGBTQIA+) participants, and respondents from East Asia had more neutral or positive perceptions of asymmetry. CNN models achieved an R-squared value of 0.68, underscoring the impact of sociocultural factors. A quantum-like mathematical model further illustrated how beauty perceptions shift over time.

Conclusion

This study highlights a shift in beauty standards, where asymmetry is gaining recognition, especially among younger generations and underrepresented groups. The findings suggest that the true essence of beauty lies in embracing individuality and redefining attractiveness beyond traditional ideals.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.