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Purpose <p>To establish a national consensus on the minimum expected competencies that orthopaedic surgery residents in Chile should achieve by the end of training, providing a foundation for competency-based curriculum development in comparable training contexts.</p> Methods <p>A multicentre modified Delphi study was conducted involving academic leaders from orthopaedic residency programmes across Chile. An initial round of open-ended questions among programme directors generated draft competency statements, which were refined through two subsequent rounds using a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was predefined as ≥ 80% agreement (ratings of 4 or 5) with an interquartile range ≤ 1. Competencies were organised into six ACGME core competencies and one CanMEDS role.</p> Results <p>Twenty-eight experts completed the final rounds. Consensus was achieved on 32 competency statements spanning patient care, medical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, system-based practice, and scholar–research. Agreement was observed for non-procedural competencies and foundational surgical skills. In contrast, consensus was not reached regarding autonomy, even under supervision, for advanced surgical procedures, particularly arthroplasty and selected soft-tissue procedures. Qualitative feedback attributed disagreement to patient-safety considerations, procedural complexity, and differing views on the boundary between residency and fellowship-level competence.</p> Conclusions <p>This national Delphi study establishes the first consensus-based definition of minimum expected competencies for orthopaedic surgery residency training in Chile. The resulting framework provides a shared reference aligned with international competency-based principles while remaining responsive to local training contexts, and is intended to inform educational development and accreditation discussions in similar training settings rather than mandate a uniform training model.</p>

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Defining minimum expected competencies for orthopaedic surgery residency training in Chile: A national Delphi consensus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Rodrigo Guiloff,
  • David Figueroa,
  • Ignacio Seitz,
  • José Tomás Arteaga,
  • Soledad Armijo-Rivera,
  • Sebastián Irarrázaval,
  • Felipe Toro,
  • Claudio Moraga,
  • Guillermo Izquierdo,
  • Ratko Yurac,
  • Juan José Zamorano,
  • Marcelo Molina,
  • Manuel Valencia,
  • Luis Moya,
  • Javier Besomi,
  • Rafael Calvo,
  • Alex Vaisman,
  • Andrés Schmidt-Hebbel,
  • Sergio Arellano,
  • Andrés Keller,
  • Felipe Hodgson,
  • Mario Orrego,
  • Pablo Besa,
  • Rodrigo De Marinis,
  • Alejandro Baar,
  • Max Ekdahl,
  • Emilio Barra,
  • Felipe Pizarro,
  • Abelardo Troncoso,
  • Diego Valiente,
  • Aleksander Munjin,
  • Pamela Vergara,
  • Camilo Piga,
  • Jorge Chávez

摘要

Purpose

To establish a national consensus on the minimum expected competencies that orthopaedic surgery residents in Chile should achieve by the end of training, providing a foundation for competency-based curriculum development in comparable training contexts.

Methods

A multicentre modified Delphi study was conducted involving academic leaders from orthopaedic residency programmes across Chile. An initial round of open-ended questions among programme directors generated draft competency statements, which were refined through two subsequent rounds using a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was predefined as ≥ 80% agreement (ratings of 4 or 5) with an interquartile range ≤ 1. Competencies were organised into six ACGME core competencies and one CanMEDS role.

Results

Twenty-eight experts completed the final rounds. Consensus was achieved on 32 competency statements spanning patient care, medical knowledge, practice-based learning and improvement, interpersonal and communication skills, professionalism, system-based practice, and scholar–research. Agreement was observed for non-procedural competencies and foundational surgical skills. In contrast, consensus was not reached regarding autonomy, even under supervision, for advanced surgical procedures, particularly arthroplasty and selected soft-tissue procedures. Qualitative feedback attributed disagreement to patient-safety considerations, procedural complexity, and differing views on the boundary between residency and fellowship-level competence.

Conclusions

This national Delphi study establishes the first consensus-based definition of minimum expected competencies for orthopaedic surgery residency training in Chile. The resulting framework provides a shared reference aligned with international competency-based principles while remaining responsive to local training contexts, and is intended to inform educational development and accreditation discussions in similar training settings rather than mandate a uniform training model.