Objective <p>To investigate femoral head epiphysis perfusion via dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after closed reduction, assessing correlations between perfusion parameters and enhancement grades, and their utility in identifying post-reduction ischemia.</p> Materials and methods <p>Children with DDH undergoing closed reduction and plaster fixation were evaluated with MRI (conventional sequences, T1 mapping, and DCE-MRI) within 3&#xa0;days post-procedure. Femoral head perfusion was evaluated using DCE-MRI subtraction, graded as 0 (normal), 1 (asymmetric decrease), 2 (focal decrease), or 3 (complete decrease). Perfusion parameters (K<sup>trans</sup>, K<sub>ep</sub>, V<sub>e</sub>) were quantified in the epiphyseal ROI. The correlation with perfusion grades and diagnostic value for ischemia was analyzed.</p> Results <p>The study included 58 DDH patients (116 hips; 68 dislocated, 48 normal). Among the dislocated side of DDH, although a marginal age difference was observed among the groups (<i>P</i> = 0.053), no significant differences were found in sex distribution or Tönnis grade (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). Significant perfusion parameter differences were observed across enhancement grades (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), with K<sup>trans</sup> showing greatest discrimination (H = 89.769). K<sup>trans</sup> and K<sub>ep</sub> correlated negatively with enhancement grade (<i>r</i> = −0.883 and −0.608, respectively; both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). For ischemia detection (grade ≥ 2), K<sup>trans</sup> demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.959, cutoff = 0.028&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup>) versus K<sub>ep</sub> (AUC = 0.811) and V<sub>e</sub> (AUC = 0.628). Performance further improved for grade 3 ischemia (K<sup>trans</sup> AUC = 0.992, cutoff = 0.010&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup>).</p> Conclusion <p>K<sup>trans</sup> &lt; 0.010&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup> on DCE-MRI signals post-reduction ischemia in dislocated femoral heads, inversely correlating with enhancement grade. This threshold may help identify high-risk patients requiring close monitoring or intervention.</p>

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Quantitative DCE-MRI assessment of femoral head epiphysis perfusion after closed reduction in developmental dysplasia of the hip

  • Hong Wang,
  • Shu Wang,
  • Shan Lin,
  • Hui Li

摘要

Objective

To investigate femoral head epiphysis perfusion via dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after closed reduction, assessing correlations between perfusion parameters and enhancement grades, and their utility in identifying post-reduction ischemia.

Materials and methods

Children with DDH undergoing closed reduction and plaster fixation were evaluated with MRI (conventional sequences, T1 mapping, and DCE-MRI) within 3 days post-procedure. Femoral head perfusion was evaluated using DCE-MRI subtraction, graded as 0 (normal), 1 (asymmetric decrease), 2 (focal decrease), or 3 (complete decrease). Perfusion parameters (Ktrans, Kep, Ve) were quantified in the epiphyseal ROI. The correlation with perfusion grades and diagnostic value for ischemia was analyzed.

Results

The study included 58 DDH patients (116 hips; 68 dislocated, 48 normal). Among the dislocated side of DDH, although a marginal age difference was observed among the groups (P = 0.053), no significant differences were found in sex distribution or Tönnis grade (P > 0.05). Significant perfusion parameter differences were observed across enhancement grades (all P < 0.05), with Ktrans showing greatest discrimination (H = 89.769). Ktrans and Kep correlated negatively with enhancement grade (r = −0.883 and −0.608, respectively; both P < 0.001). For ischemia detection (grade ≥ 2), Ktrans demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.959, cutoff = 0.028 min−1) versus Kep (AUC = 0.811) and Ve (AUC = 0.628). Performance further improved for grade 3 ischemia (Ktrans AUC = 0.992, cutoff = 0.010 min−1).

Conclusion

Ktrans < 0.010 min−1 on DCE-MRI signals post-reduction ischemia in dislocated femoral heads, inversely correlating with enhancement grade. This threshold may help identify high-risk patients requiring close monitoring or intervention.