<p>Medication-induced lung disease is rare in children but can be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality and can alter treatment regimens for children with a variety of conditions. Medication-induced lung disease tends to occur in association with certain categories of medication and tends to manifest as one of several patterns of lung disease on CT. We review classes of medications associated with medication-induced lung disease, clinical diagnosis and management of the condition including the role of the radiologist, and CT patterns of disease to enable the radiologist to more fully contribute to multidisciplinary diagnosis and potentially be the first to recognize and suggest the possibility of this condition.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>