Scholarlink

<p>This study assessed particulate matter to quantify trace elements, and source apportionment using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model, enrichment factor (EF), and health risk assessment of toxic trace elements. The mean 24-h gravimetrically measured PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations were 66.87&#xa0;µg/m<sup>3</sup> and 121.44&#xa0;µg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively, exceeding the standard limits. The 22 trace elements detected by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) accounted for 1.12% of the total PM, raising health concerns. The percent contribution of sources by the PMF model for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> is approximately 27% and 40% crustal emissions, 30% and 29% road dust, 18% and 15% secondary aerosols, 13% and 7% vehicular emissions, 6% and 4% industries &amp; mining activities, and 6% and 5% marine sources, respectively. Although crustal emissions and road dust appeared to be significant contributors, as indicated by the combined evaluation of EF and PMF results, these factors were found to be mixtures of resuspended dust and emissions, rather than purely crustal material, due to the strong dominance of fine particles from anthropogenic activities and secondary processes. Further, the observed carcinogenic risk (CR) values were higher for elements Cr &lt; As &lt; Cd &lt; Ni &lt; Pb in PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> for children and adults, respectively, than the USEPA limits of 1 × 10<sup>−6</sup> to 1 × 10<sup>–4</sup>. Children were more susceptible to health risks than adults, with higher hazard quotients (HQs) and CR values for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, making it more potent than PM<sub>10</sub>. This study advances current understanding by coupling size-resolved trace element chemistry with receptor-based source apportionment and quantitative health risk assessment for the understudied Aravalli foothill urban environment. This also provides a comprehensive understanding of trace elements contributing to particulate matter and the associated health risks, with crucial insights for air quality management and public health.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Chemical Characterization of Trace Elements in PM2.5 and PM10 and Their Source Apportionment by PMF Modelling with Associated Health Risk Assessment in the Aravalli Region, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

查看全文
  • Prity S. Pippal,
  • Rajesh Kumar,
  • Atar Singh,
  • Paulraj Rajamani,
  • Anshika Kushwaha,
  • Narpat Surela,
  • Ramesh Kumar

摘要

This study assessed particulate matter to quantify trace elements, and source apportionment using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model, enrichment factor (EF), and health risk assessment of toxic trace elements. The mean 24-h gravimetrically measured PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were 66.87 µg/m3 and 121.44 µg/m3, respectively, exceeding the standard limits. The 22 trace elements detected by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) accounted for 1.12% of the total PM, raising health concerns. The percent contribution of sources by the PMF model for PM2.5 and PM10 is approximately 27% and 40% crustal emissions, 30% and 29% road dust, 18% and 15% secondary aerosols, 13% and 7% vehicular emissions, 6% and 4% industries & mining activities, and 6% and 5% marine sources, respectively. Although crustal emissions and road dust appeared to be significant contributors, as indicated by the combined evaluation of EF and PMF results, these factors were found to be mixtures of resuspended dust and emissions, rather than purely crustal material, due to the strong dominance of fine particles from anthropogenic activities and secondary processes. Further, the observed carcinogenic risk (CR) values were higher for elements Cr < As < Cd < Ni < Pb in PM2.5 and PM10 for children and adults, respectively, than the USEPA limits of 1 × 10−6 to 1 × 10–4. Children were more susceptible to health risks than adults, with higher hazard quotients (HQs) and CR values for PM2.5, making it more potent than PM10. This study advances current understanding by coupling size-resolved trace element chemistry with receptor-based source apportionment and quantitative health risk assessment for the understudied Aravalli foothill urban environment. This also provides a comprehensive understanding of trace elements contributing to particulate matter and the associated health risks, with crucial insights for air quality management and public health.