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Background <p>Ganglion cysts are the most common benign hand and wrist masses, with surgical excision often required when symptomatic. This systematic review and meta-analysis reported and compared recurrence and complication rates between arthroscopic and open excision of wrist ganglion cysts.</p> Methods <p>A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, and eligible studies included&#xa0;randomized&#xa0;controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series with a minimum of 10 patients. Data on recurrence, complications, and patient-reported outcomes were extracted and&#xa0;analyzed&#xa0;using a meta-analysis of proportions performed in R software.</p> Results <p>Fifty-four studies, including more than 7,000 patients, were analyzed. The pooled recurrence rate was 8.4%, with arthroscopic excision showing a lower recurrence rate (7.8%) than open excision (9.1%), although the difference was not statistically significant. Subgroup analyses demonstrated numerically lower recurrence rates with arthroscopy for volar and primary ganglia, while dorsal ganglia outcomes were variable. Overall complication rates were low, with reoperation (3.9%), hematoma (0.7%), and nerve injury (3.4%) being comparable between the techniques. Abnormal scarring occurred more frequently after open excision. Pain improvement and patient satisfaction were consistently high in both groups, with trends toward improved patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopy. Substantial heterogeneity across several pooled outcomes should be considered when interpreting the findings.</p> Conclusions <p>Open and arthroscopic excisions are safe and effective treatment options for wrist ganglion cysts, and current evidence does not establish definitive superiority of either approach. Arthroscopy demonstrated favorable numerical trends in recurrence and selected patient-reported outcomes; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the heterogeneity among included studies and the lack of statistically significant differences in most primary analyses. Further high-quality studies with standardized outcome reporting are needed. Level of Evidence: no ratable.</p>

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Arthroscopic versus open excision of wrist ganglion cysts: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 7233 cases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Abdulaziz Alghamdi,
  • Ali Alkhathami,
  • Halah Alhwsawi,
  • Jullanar Saleh,
  • Yazeed Almojel,
  • Khaled Qanash,
  • Rayan Abuhadi,
  • Saleh Alqadi,
  • Yousef Alharbi,
  • Ehab Barnawi,
  • Turki Alhassan

摘要

Background

Ganglion cysts are the most common benign hand and wrist masses, with surgical excision often required when symptomatic. This systematic review and meta-analysis reported and compared recurrence and complication rates between arthroscopic and open excision of wrist ganglion cysts.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, and eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series with a minimum of 10 patients. Data on recurrence, complications, and patient-reported outcomes were extracted and analyzed using a meta-analysis of proportions performed in R software.

Results

Fifty-four studies, including more than 7,000 patients, were analyzed. The pooled recurrence rate was 8.4%, with arthroscopic excision showing a lower recurrence rate (7.8%) than open excision (9.1%), although the difference was not statistically significant. Subgroup analyses demonstrated numerically lower recurrence rates with arthroscopy for volar and primary ganglia, while dorsal ganglia outcomes were variable. Overall complication rates were low, with reoperation (3.9%), hematoma (0.7%), and nerve injury (3.4%) being comparable between the techniques. Abnormal scarring occurred more frequently after open excision. Pain improvement and patient satisfaction were consistently high in both groups, with trends toward improved patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopy. Substantial heterogeneity across several pooled outcomes should be considered when interpreting the findings.

Conclusions

Open and arthroscopic excisions are safe and effective treatment options for wrist ganglion cysts, and current evidence does not establish definitive superiority of either approach. Arthroscopy demonstrated favorable numerical trends in recurrence and selected patient-reported outcomes; however, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the heterogeneity among included studies and the lack of statistically significant differences in most primary analyses. Further high-quality studies with standardized outcome reporting are needed. Level of Evidence: no ratable.