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Background <p>Pigs have been proposed as an animal model of the medial femoral condyle flap and the lateral femoral condyle flap. However, comparisons between the two flaps are rare. The objective of this study was to compare the two flaps and harvest them from live pigs.</p> Methods <p>For the cadaver studies, fifteen fresh cadaveric hindlimbs of Shanghai White pig were used in this study. The course and branches of the source arteries of the two flaps were observed. The primary parameters were the anatomic variance, length and outer diameter of the source arteries. Surgical procedures (<i>n</i> = 4) for the two flaps were conducted on two pigs. The time to expose the femoral condyle and the origination of the source arteries were recorded.</p> Results <p>Both flaps constantly exhibited a dual blood supply via the primary and secondary pedicles. Both the length and outer diameter of the source arteries of the lateral femoral condyle flap (2.126 ± 0.240&#xa0;cm; 3.060 ± 0.311&#xa0;mm) were greater than those of the medial femoral condyle flap (1.280 ± 0.281&#xa0;cm; 2.073 ± 0.219&#xa0;mm; P ˂ 0.001, P ˂ 0.001, respectively). The exposure of both the lateral femoral condyle and its source arteries was easier than that of the medial femoral condyle.</p> Conclusions <p>Compared with the medial femoral condyle flap, the pig lateral femoral condyle flap was more suitable for in vivo study because of its easy exposure and greater length and diameter.</p> Level of evidence: Not gradable

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Pig lateral femoral condyle flap is more suitable than medial femoral condyle flap for in vivo study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Yanhai Zuo,
  • Junling Liu,
  • Pan Long,
  • Xinchu Zhou,
  • Jun Qian

摘要

Background

Pigs have been proposed as an animal model of the medial femoral condyle flap and the lateral femoral condyle flap. However, comparisons between the two flaps are rare. The objective of this study was to compare the two flaps and harvest them from live pigs.

Methods

For the cadaver studies, fifteen fresh cadaveric hindlimbs of Shanghai White pig were used in this study. The course and branches of the source arteries of the two flaps were observed. The primary parameters were the anatomic variance, length and outer diameter of the source arteries. Surgical procedures (n = 4) for the two flaps were conducted on two pigs. The time to expose the femoral condyle and the origination of the source arteries were recorded.

Results

Both flaps constantly exhibited a dual blood supply via the primary and secondary pedicles. Both the length and outer diameter of the source arteries of the lateral femoral condyle flap (2.126 ± 0.240 cm; 3.060 ± 0.311 mm) were greater than those of the medial femoral condyle flap (1.280 ± 0.281 cm; 2.073 ± 0.219 mm; P ˂ 0.001, P ˂ 0.001, respectively). The exposure of both the lateral femoral condyle and its source arteries was easier than that of the medial femoral condyle.

Conclusions

Compared with the medial femoral condyle flap, the pig lateral femoral condyle flap was more suitable for in vivo study because of its easy exposure and greater length and diameter.

Level of evidence: Not gradable