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<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been integrated into various tumor treatment protocols, including melanoma. Endocrinopathies related to ICI have been well-documented, with most common sites of involvement being thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and pancreas. We report a 65-year-old female with metastatic melanoma who developed endocrinopathy of the pineal gland and pituitary gland following treatment with ICI. Although metastatic disease was considered in the differential diagnosis, the MRI findings in conjunction with resolution upon discontinuation of immunotherapy was most consistent with inflammatory etiology. A comprehensive literature search yielded no reports of immunotherapy-induced endocrinopathy of the pineal gland, suggesting that this may be potentially the first reported case. Understanding the clinical and imaging findings of immune-related adverse events in patients undergoing immunotherapy is crucial to ensure proper diagnosis and subsequent treatment plans.</p>

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Immunotherapy related endocrinopathy of the pineal and pituitary gland that resolved following discontinuation of treatment: case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Anish Bhandari,
  • Ilaria Vittoria De Martini,
  • Samuel N. Rogers,
  • Aparna Nallagangula,
  • Hasan Ozgur

摘要

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been integrated into various tumor treatment protocols, including melanoma. Endocrinopathies related to ICI have been well-documented, with most common sites of involvement being thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and pancreas. We report a 65-year-old female with metastatic melanoma who developed endocrinopathy of the pineal gland and pituitary gland following treatment with ICI. Although metastatic disease was considered in the differential diagnosis, the MRI findings in conjunction with resolution upon discontinuation of immunotherapy was most consistent with inflammatory etiology. A comprehensive literature search yielded no reports of immunotherapy-induced endocrinopathy of the pineal gland, suggesting that this may be potentially the first reported case. Understanding the clinical and imaging findings of immune-related adverse events in patients undergoing immunotherapy is crucial to ensure proper diagnosis and subsequent treatment plans.