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<p>To address the issues of complex piping layouts and large footprints caused by the non-coaxial arrangement of the inlet and oil outlet in conventional separators, this paper proposes a novel coaxial pipeline oil–water separator (P-OWS). The Eulerian multiphase model coupled with the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) was employed to investigate its flow field characteristics and structural optimization. Experimental validation confirmed the high reliability of the simulation model, demonstrating an error of only 2.4% in the water removal rate.Flow field analysis reveals that the internal flow is characterized by a bidirectional axial flow and a dual-vortex structure; while their synergy drives the separation process, velocity field non-uniformity and shear effects are identified as the primary causes of compromised separation efficiency. The results indicate that an optimal inlet diameter of 50&#xa0;mm(d<sub>i</sub>/D = 1) mitigates disturbances in the inlet jet region, thereby suppressing oil–water interfacial fluctuations. Furthermore, an optimal diversion length of 55&#xa0;mm (H<sub>2</sub>/D = 1.1) achieves a balance between flow guidance and energy dissipation, preventing downstream swirl attenuation.Compared with the initial configuration, the water removal rate increased from 62.45% to 71.85%, while the overflow water cut decreased from 33.42% to 25.05%.Although the intensified swirl field and extended diversion weir increased energy dissipation, resulting in a pressure drop increase of 224&#xa0;Pa, the overall separation performance was significantly enhanced.</p>

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A numerical study on the flow field characteristics and structural optimization of pipeline oil–water separator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Tianyu Wang,
  • Mingyang Zhang,
  • Haozhe Guo,
  • Jie Cheng,
  • Yuhan Fu

摘要

To address the issues of complex piping layouts and large footprints caused by the non-coaxial arrangement of the inlet and oil outlet in conventional separators, this paper proposes a novel coaxial pipeline oil–water separator (P-OWS). The Eulerian multiphase model coupled with the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) was employed to investigate its flow field characteristics and structural optimization. Experimental validation confirmed the high reliability of the simulation model, demonstrating an error of only 2.4% in the water removal rate.Flow field analysis reveals that the internal flow is characterized by a bidirectional axial flow and a dual-vortex structure; while their synergy drives the separation process, velocity field non-uniformity and shear effects are identified as the primary causes of compromised separation efficiency. The results indicate that an optimal inlet diameter of 50 mm(di/D = 1) mitigates disturbances in the inlet jet region, thereby suppressing oil–water interfacial fluctuations. Furthermore, an optimal diversion length of 55 mm (H2/D = 1.1) achieves a balance between flow guidance and energy dissipation, preventing downstream swirl attenuation.Compared with the initial configuration, the water removal rate increased from 62.45% to 71.85%, while the overflow water cut decreased from 33.42% to 25.05%.Although the intensified swirl field and extended diversion weir increased energy dissipation, resulting in a pressure drop increase of 224 Pa, the overall separation performance was significantly enhanced.