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<p>The worldwide endeavour for net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) requires the effective and robust incorporation of renewable energy systems. Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) technologies are pivotal to this transition; however, their efficacy in tropical regions such as South India is frequently compromised by high module temperatures. This research looks at employing a passive thermal management method through the use of the Glauber salt, a phase change material, Sodium Sulphate Decahydrate (Na₂SO₄·10&#xa0;H₂O), integrated into a BIPV module. A comparative experimental study was done using two (2) 70&#xa0;W PV modules, one with the PCM (BIPV-PCM), and the other without the PCM (BIPV-Ref) both installed in the same location in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu; 11°N; 77°E) and under actual weather conditions. The collected data shows that the module with the PCM (BIPV-PCM) exhibited the greatest surface temperature reduction (2.2&#xa0;°C) at peak solar radiation hours (14:00). The overall efficiency of the BIPV-PCM module was approximately 1.5% points greater than the BIPV-Ref module, achieving a relative increase in energy conversion efficiency of approximately 13.04%. While the overall temperature reduction was modest, the use of the PCM assisted in sufficiently stabilizing thermal fluctuations due to dynamic environmental conditions. This indicates that Glauber salt is a viable low-cost option as a passive thermal regulating medium, noting the limitations when used with high thermal loads. These results provide insight on the use of PCMs for cooling BIPVs in tropical climates, and highlights the need for additional long-term studies, with a focus on optimizing performance.</p>

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Performance evaluation of photovoltaic module using passive PCM cooling in South Indian climates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Kamalaselvan Arunachalam,
  • Muthukumar Murugesan,
  • Ajithkumar Sitharaj,
  • Jeha Justin

摘要

The worldwide endeavour for net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) requires the effective and robust incorporation of renewable energy systems. Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) technologies are pivotal to this transition; however, their efficacy in tropical regions such as South India is frequently compromised by high module temperatures. This research looks at employing a passive thermal management method through the use of the Glauber salt, a phase change material, Sodium Sulphate Decahydrate (Na₂SO₄·10 H₂O), integrated into a BIPV module. A comparative experimental study was done using two (2) 70 W PV modules, one with the PCM (BIPV-PCM), and the other without the PCM (BIPV-Ref) both installed in the same location in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu; 11°N; 77°E) and under actual weather conditions. The collected data shows that the module with the PCM (BIPV-PCM) exhibited the greatest surface temperature reduction (2.2 °C) at peak solar radiation hours (14:00). The overall efficiency of the BIPV-PCM module was approximately 1.5% points greater than the BIPV-Ref module, achieving a relative increase in energy conversion efficiency of approximately 13.04%. While the overall temperature reduction was modest, the use of the PCM assisted in sufficiently stabilizing thermal fluctuations due to dynamic environmental conditions. This indicates that Glauber salt is a viable low-cost option as a passive thermal regulating medium, noting the limitations when used with high thermal loads. These results provide insight on the use of PCMs for cooling BIPVs in tropical climates, and highlights the need for additional long-term studies, with a focus on optimizing performance.