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<p>The aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic potential of <i>L. fermentum</i> LBF433, isolated from fresh milk, in diet model systems, considering its antimicrobial activity against <i>S.</i> Typhimurium and the in silico prospecting of bioactive peptides. The antimicrobial activity of LBF433 and <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> GG (commercial probiotic) was evaluated against <i>S.</i> Typhimurium using <i>spot-on-lawn</i> and co-culture assays. Microbial viability, both individually and in co-culture with the pathogen, was assessed during simulated gastrointestinal digestion (240&#xa0;min; gastric fluid: pH 2.0 with pepsin; intestinal fluid: pH 7.4 with bile and pancreatin), with or without incorporation into standard, healthy, and unhealthy diet model systems (DMS). Peptides generated during digestion were identified by NanoLC–MS/MS and analyzed using peptidomics and in silico screening approaches. <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> LBF433 exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG, with an inhibition zone: 17.0 ± 1.0&#xa0;mm and a pathogen reduction of 3.76 ± 0.12 log CFU/mL in co-culture. After simulated digestion, both probiotics remained viable and significantly reduced the pathogen, with a greater reduction by <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG (3.10 ± 0.04 log CFU/mL) than LBF433 (2.46 ± 0.02 log CFU/mL). The DMS enhanced LBF433 survival (≥ 8.6 log CFU/g) and promoted greater pathogen inhibition (4.08 log CFU/g), whereas the unhealthy diet favored pathogen persistence. A total of 131 biological activity peptides were identified, including antibacterial (16%), antifungal (4%), and antiparasitic (4%) peptides. These findings indicate LBF433 exhibits antimicrobial activity during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and generates bioactive peptides, reinforcing its potential as a functional probiotic.</p>

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Limosilactobacillus fermentum LBF433 reduces Salmonella typhimurium under simulated gastrointestinal conditions in diet model systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Josiane Marcon,
  • Stéfani Mallmann,
  • Rafaela Ansiliero,
  • Aniela Pinto Kempka,
  • Liziane Schittler Moroni

摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic potential of L. fermentum LBF433, isolated from fresh milk, in diet model systems, considering its antimicrobial activity against S. Typhimurium and the in silico prospecting of bioactive peptides. The antimicrobial activity of LBF433 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (commercial probiotic) was evaluated against S. Typhimurium using spot-on-lawn and co-culture assays. Microbial viability, both individually and in co-culture with the pathogen, was assessed during simulated gastrointestinal digestion (240 min; gastric fluid: pH 2.0 with pepsin; intestinal fluid: pH 7.4 with bile and pancreatin), with or without incorporation into standard, healthy, and unhealthy diet model systems (DMS). Peptides generated during digestion were identified by NanoLC–MS/MS and analyzed using peptidomics and in silico screening approaches. Limosilactobacillus fermentum LBF433 exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than L. rhamnosus GG, with an inhibition zone: 17.0 ± 1.0 mm and a pathogen reduction of 3.76 ± 0.12 log CFU/mL in co-culture. After simulated digestion, both probiotics remained viable and significantly reduced the pathogen, with a greater reduction by L. rhamnosus GG (3.10 ± 0.04 log CFU/mL) than LBF433 (2.46 ± 0.02 log CFU/mL). The DMS enhanced LBF433 survival (≥ 8.6 log CFU/g) and promoted greater pathogen inhibition (4.08 log CFU/g), whereas the unhealthy diet favored pathogen persistence. A total of 131 biological activity peptides were identified, including antibacterial (16%), antifungal (4%), and antiparasitic (4%) peptides. These findings indicate LBF433 exhibits antimicrobial activity during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and generates bioactive peptides, reinforcing its potential as a functional probiotic.