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<p>The development of efficient dual-detection systems for fluoride ions (F<sup>−</sup>) and hypochlorous acid (HClO) in biological environments represents a significant challenge in analytical chemistry, given their distinct chemical properties and crucial yet contrasting roles in physiological processes. Addressing this challenge, we have engineered a sequentially activated fluorescent probe (<b>SA-S-TBM</b>) that leverages aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics to achieve unprecedented simultaneous detection of both analytes under physiological conditions. The design overcomes traditional limitations through a unique cascade activation mechanism: initial F<sup>−</sup>-induced desilylation generates a red-emitting <b>SA-S</b> intermediate, which subsequently undergoes HClO-specific oxidation to produce green-fluorescent <b>SA-SO</b>, creating two well-resolved emission peaks (Δ<i>λ</i> = 98&#xa0;nm) that effectively eliminate spectral interference—a critical advancement in dual-analyte detection technology. Remarkably, <b>SA-S-TBM</b> demonstrates exceptional analytical performance with ultrahigh sensitivity (detection limits of 20.3&#xa0;nM for F<sup>−</sup> and 1.72&#xa0;μM for HClO) and outstanding selectivity against competing biological species. Moreover, with low toxicity and excellent cell permeability, <b>SA-S-TBM</b> successfully visualized intracellular F⁻ and HClO through distinct fluorescence signals, highlighting its strong potential for biological detection and as a tool to explore their roles in pathophysiological processes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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A ratiometric AIE probe with sequential activation for selective dual detection and imaging of fluoride and hypochlorous acid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Mingjie Wei,
  • Ruiqing Long,
  • Rong Liu,
  • Linxin Zheng,
  • Simiao Wang,
  • Yu Jiang,
  • Biao Gu,
  • Li Niu

摘要

The development of efficient dual-detection systems for fluoride ions (F−) and hypochlorous acid (HClO) in biological environments represents a significant challenge in analytical chemistry, given their distinct chemical properties and crucial yet contrasting roles in physiological processes. Addressing this challenge, we have engineered a sequentially activated fluorescent probe (SA-S-TBM) that leverages aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics to achieve unprecedented simultaneous detection of both analytes under physiological conditions. The design overcomes traditional limitations through a unique cascade activation mechanism: initial F−-induced desilylation generates a red-emitting SA-S intermediate, which subsequently undergoes HClO-specific oxidation to produce green-fluorescent SA-SO, creating two well-resolved emission peaks (Δλ = 98 nm) that effectively eliminate spectral interference—a critical advancement in dual-analyte detection technology. Remarkably, SA-S-TBM demonstrates exceptional analytical performance with ultrahigh sensitivity (detection limits of 20.3 nM for F− and 1.72 μM for HClO) and outstanding selectivity against competing biological species. Moreover, with low toxicity and excellent cell permeability, SA-S-TBM successfully visualized intracellular F⁻ and HClO through distinct fluorescence signals, highlighting its strong potential for biological detection and as a tool to explore their roles in pathophysiological processes.

Graphical Abstract