Total flavonoids from Rosa rugosa Thunb.: A comprehensive review of its extraction and purification process, chemical composition, biological effect and applications

Rosa rugosa Thunb. is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with homology of medicine and food in China for a long history. The total flavonoids from R. rugosa Thunb. (TFR), possessing antioxidant, anti-tumor, antidepressant, and antibacterial activities, can effectively prevent and treat cardiovascular, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and other diseases. However, few studies have focused on TFR analyses and no comprehensive review has yet been published. In order to provide a theoretical foundation and research direction for further study and development, this paper methodically reviewed the extraction and purification procedure, chemical composition, biological activity, toxicology, and application in food of TFR on the basis of previous research. A total of 102 distinct flavonoids have been isolated from R. rugosa Thunb. Further pharmacological activities and chemical analyses research will contribute to the development of TFR products in R. rugosa Thunb.