<p>Inspired by the papers by Angelo and Xu (Q J Math 74:767–777), and improvements by Kerr and Klurman (arXiv:2211.05540), we study the probability that the weighted sums of a Rademacher random multiplicative function, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum _{n\le x}f(n)n^{-\sigma }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∑</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>σ</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, are positive for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="82" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x\ge x_\sigma \ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>σ</mi> </msub> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the regime <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="72" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma \rightarrow 1/2^+\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>σ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In a previous paper by Heap, Zhao and the author, and by the author, when <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="90" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0\le \sigma \le 1/2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> this probability is zero. Here we give a positive lower bound for this probability depending on <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x_\sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>σ</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that becomes large as <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3842_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="72" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma \rightarrow 1/2^+\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>σ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The main inputs in our proofs are a maximal inequality based in relatively high moments for these partial sums combined with a Bonami–Halász’s moment inequality, and also explicit estimates for the partial sums of non-negative multiplicative functions.</p>

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On the positivity of some weighted partial sums of a random multiplicative function

  • Marco Aymone

摘要

Inspired by the papers by Angelo and Xu (Q J Math 74:767–777), and improvements by Kerr and Klurman (arXiv:2211.05540), we study the probability that the weighted sums of a Rademacher random multiplicative function, \(\sum _{n\le x}f(n)n^{-\sigma }\) n x f ( n ) n - σ , are positive for all \(x\ge x_\sigma \ge 1\) x x σ 1 in the regime \(\sigma \rightarrow 1/2^+\) σ 1 / 2 + . In a previous paper by Heap, Zhao and the author, and by the author, when \(0\le \sigma \le 1/2\) 0 σ 1 / 2 this probability is zero. Here we give a positive lower bound for this probability depending on \(x_\sigma \) x σ that becomes large as \(\sigma \rightarrow 1/2^+\) σ 1 / 2 + . The main inputs in our proofs are a maximal inequality based in relatively high moments for these partial sums combined with a Bonami–Halász’s moment inequality, and also explicit estimates for the partial sums of non-negative multiplicative functions.