<p>We obtain the existence of a 1-parameter family of nontrivial exterior domains <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="58" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\Omega }\subset \mathbb {R}^{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> which support a positive solution of <Equation ID="Equ21"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_Equ21.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="447" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \Delta u=0\,\, \text{ in }\,\,{\Omega }, \,\, u=u_0,\,\,\partial _\nu u=\gamma H+C_0\,\,\text{ on }\,\,\partial {\Omega },\,\, \lim _{r\rightarrow +\infty }u=0, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>H</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <munder> <mo movablelimits="true">lim</mo> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>if <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <Equation ID="Equ22"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_Equ22.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="447" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \Delta u=0\,\, \text {in}\,\,{\Omega }, \,\, u=u_0,\,\,\partial _\nu u=\gamma K+C_0\,\,\text {on}\,\,\partial {\Omega },\,\, \lim _{r\rightarrow +\infty }u=+\infty , \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>K</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <munder> <mo movablelimits="true">lim</mo> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </munder> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>if <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="52" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N=2,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where <i>H</i> is the mean curvature of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="28" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial {\Omega },\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <i>K</i> is the curvature of <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial {\Omega }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a parameter, <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(u_0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="209_2025_3790_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are constants. These domains bifurcates from the complement of a ball.</p>

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Bifurcation for an overdetermined boundary value problem in the complement of a ball in \(\mathbb {R}^{N}\)

  • Guowei Dai,
  • Fang Liu,
  • Filippo Morabito

摘要

We obtain the existence of a 1-parameter family of nontrivial exterior domains \({\Omega }\subset \mathbb {R}^{N}\) Ω R N which support a positive solution of \(\begin{aligned} \Delta u=0\,\, \text{ in }\,\,{\Omega }, \,\, u=u_0,\,\,\partial _\nu u=\gamma H+C_0\,\,\text{ on }\,\,\partial {\Omega },\,\, \lim _{r\rightarrow +\infty }u=0, \end{aligned}\) Δ u = 0 in Ω , u = u 0 , ν u = γ H + C 0 on Ω , lim r + u = 0 , if \(N\ge 4\) N 4 and \(\begin{aligned} \Delta u=0\,\, \text {in}\,\,{\Omega }, \,\, u=u_0,\,\,\partial _\nu u=\gamma K+C_0\,\,\text {on}\,\,\partial {\Omega },\,\, \lim _{r\rightarrow +\infty }u=+\infty , \end{aligned}\) Δ u = 0 in Ω , u = u 0 , ν u = γ K + C 0 on Ω , lim r + u = + , if \(N=2,\) N = 2 , where H is the mean curvature of \(\partial {\Omega },\) Ω , K is the curvature of \(\partial {\Omega }\) Ω , \(\gamma \) γ is a parameter, \(u_0\) u 0 and \(C_0\) C 0 are constants. These domains bifurcates from the complement of a ball.