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<p>Exopolysaccharide-mediated silver nanoparticles (EPS-Ag<sub>2</sub>ONPs) were successfully biosynthesized using purified EPS from the marine sediment <i>Bacillus cereus</i> GV7. Among fourteen screened isolates, GV7 demonstrated the highest EPS production (83.7 ± 0.02&#xa0;µg/mL) and was selected for Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis. EPS-Ag<sub>2</sub>ONPs were successfully synthesized under alkaline conditions, indicated by a characteristic colour change and subsequently UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis revealed a characteristic SPR peak at 424&#xa0;nm. Further characterization using FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD and AFM analysis confirmed the successful formation of spherical, well-dispersed, crystalline cubic Ag₂ONPs. SEM analysis revealed particle sizes ranging from 20 to 70&#xa0;nm, whereas AFM analysis showed an average particle height of 5.09&#xa0;nm. In this synthesis, EPS served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. To our knowledge, no previous study has reported the biogenic synthesis of Ag<sub>2</sub>ONP using marine sediment-associated <i>B. cereus</i> GV7. Furthermore, the biosynthesized EPS-Ag<sub>2</sub>ONPs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic microbes, with MIC values varied between 31.25 and 500&#xa0;µg/mL. Significant antibiofilm activity was observed, with a maximum inhibition up to 84.54%, demonstrating effective disruption of biofilm formation. Dose-dependent antioxidant activity was demonstrated across DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, H₂O₂ scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity assays. Cytotoxicity evaluation against MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells by MTT assay revealed an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 12.22&#xa0;µg/mL, indicative of strong anticancer potential. These findings collectively signify EPS-Ag<sub>2</sub>ONPs from <i>B. cereus</i> GV7 as a promising multifunctional nanomaterial with potential biomedical applications.</p>

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Exopolysaccharide-mediated silver oxide nanoparticles from Bacillus cereus GV7: green synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Pandiaraj Maheswari,
  • Saravanan Venkatesan,
  • Vijayalakshmi Gurusamy,
  • Venkatesh Sakthivel,
  • Subbiah Sankaralingam,
  • Krishnaveni Narayanaswamy

摘要

Exopolysaccharide-mediated silver nanoparticles (EPS-Ag2ONPs) were successfully biosynthesized using purified EPS from the marine sediment Bacillus cereus GV7. Among fourteen screened isolates, GV7 demonstrated the highest EPS production (83.7 ± 0.02 µg/mL) and was selected for Nanoparticle (NP) synthesis. EPS-Ag2ONPs were successfully synthesized under alkaline conditions, indicated by a characteristic colour change and subsequently UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis revealed a characteristic SPR peak at 424 nm. Further characterization using FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD and AFM analysis confirmed the successful formation of spherical, well-dispersed, crystalline cubic Ag₂ONPs. SEM analysis revealed particle sizes ranging from 20 to 70 nm, whereas AFM analysis showed an average particle height of 5.09 nm. In this synthesis, EPS served as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. To our knowledge, no previous study has reported the biogenic synthesis of Ag2ONP using marine sediment-associated B. cereus GV7. Furthermore, the biosynthesized EPS-Ag2ONPs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic microbes, with MIC values varied between 31.25 and 500 µg/mL. Significant antibiofilm activity was observed, with a maximum inhibition up to 84.54%, demonstrating effective disruption of biofilm formation. Dose-dependent antioxidant activity was demonstrated across DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, H₂O₂ scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity assays. Cytotoxicity evaluation against MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells by MTT assay revealed an IC50 value of 12.22 µg/mL, indicative of strong anticancer potential. These findings collectively signify EPS-Ag2ONPs from B. cereus GV7 as a promising multifunctional nanomaterial with potential biomedical applications.