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<p><i>Alcanivorax borkumensis</i> is a key marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium with the potential to clean up oil spills from the sea and protect marine ecosystems. The accidental release of crude oil and other oil products is a major concern for the environment, as it has detrimental effects on marine life. Several strains of <i>A. borkumensis</i> have been isolated from a variety of different marine habitats, such as temperature, deep-sea and polar regions, with pathways of alkane degradation, as well as strain-specific genetic adaptations in the areas of hydrocarbon use, nutrient uptake, and resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Among these, <i>A. borkumensis</i> SK2 strain has been widely characterised as the model organism, giving extensive information on the genomic, metabolic, and physiological foundations of efficient alkane degradation. The genetic features of SK2 help explain its efficiency towards biodegradation and its overall contribution towards environmental recovery following hydrocarbon contamination. This article is a review of the current knowledge on the ecological importance, genetic structure, and biodegradation of the alkane hydroxylase-containing <i>A. borkumensis</i>, focusing on alkane hydroxylase systems, biosurfactant synthesis, biofilms and nutrient scavenging probability. These findings highlight the potential of increasing <i>Alcanivorax</i> catabolic activities in the wake of an oil spill to mitigate the environmental disaster effects. Further functional analysis of the genes and proteins of <i>A. borkumensis</i> is essential for achieving its biotechnological and ecological potential in marine hydrocarbon remediation.</p>

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Bioremediation of oil contaminants from the marine ecosystem by Alcanivorax borkumensis: an overview

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Swati Sharma,
  • Garima Sachan,
  • Shreya Gupta,
  • Shikha Chauhan,
  • Saptak Sarkar

摘要

Alcanivorax borkumensis is a key marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium with the potential to clean up oil spills from the sea and protect marine ecosystems. The accidental release of crude oil and other oil products is a major concern for the environment, as it has detrimental effects on marine life. Several strains of A. borkumensis have been isolated from a variety of different marine habitats, such as temperature, deep-sea and polar regions, with pathways of alkane degradation, as well as strain-specific genetic adaptations in the areas of hydrocarbon use, nutrient uptake, and resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Among these, A. borkumensis SK2 strain has been widely characterised as the model organism, giving extensive information on the genomic, metabolic, and physiological foundations of efficient alkane degradation. The genetic features of SK2 help explain its efficiency towards biodegradation and its overall contribution towards environmental recovery following hydrocarbon contamination. This article is a review of the current knowledge on the ecological importance, genetic structure, and biodegradation of the alkane hydroxylase-containing A. borkumensis, focusing on alkane hydroxylase systems, biosurfactant synthesis, biofilms and nutrient scavenging probability. These findings highlight the potential of increasing Alcanivorax catabolic activities in the wake of an oil spill to mitigate the environmental disaster effects. Further functional analysis of the genes and proteins of A. borkumensis is essential for achieving its biotechnological and ecological potential in marine hydrocarbon remediation.