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<p>This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution, diversity, and biocontrol potential of culturable endophytic fungi in the healthy roots of cultivated and wild <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> (CA and WA), aiming to develop a microbiome-driven strategy for sustainable root rot management. A total of 304 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from roots of CA and WA, with 61 morphologically distinct representative strains identified via ITS sequencing. These strains belonged predominantly to <i>Ascomycota</i> (98.36%) and included 21 genera, with <i>Fusarium</i> (43.28%), <i>Paraphoma</i> (25.25%), and <i>Alternaria</i> (12.46%) as dominant genera. WA exhibited higher fungal diversity and evenness than CA, with community composition varying significantly by host age and cultivation status. Among the isolates, 177 strains (53 genera) showed antagonistic activity (≥ 30% inhibition rate) against root rot pathogens <i>(F. acuminatum</i>, <i>F. solani</i>, and <i>F. oxysporum</i>). Notably, <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> CA4-3 exhibited 78.96% inhibition against <i>F. solani</i>, while <i>Paraphoma radicina</i> CA3-15 displayed 70.23% inhibition against <i>F. oxysporum</i>. Bioactive strains were concentrated in 2 to 4-year-old CA roots, with <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Paraphoma</i>, and <i>Alternaria</i> being the primary contributors. Mechanistic studies revealed that these fungi inhibited pathogens via secreted metabolites (causing mycelial deformation) or niche competition. The composition of endophytic fungi in <i>A. mongholicus</i> roots is dynamic and influenced by host development and cultivation practices. The antifungal active strain <i>P. chrysogenum</i> CA4-3 and <i>P. radicina</i> CA3-15 may possess potential value in controlling pathogenic fungi.</p>

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Composition characterization of the culturable endophytic fungi in roots and their antagonistic activity against root rot of Astragalus mongholicus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Zhong-Ya Zhou,
  • Xi Liu,
  • Fen Gao,
  • Meng-Liang Wang,
  • Jun-Hong Wang,
  • Jin-Long Cui

摘要

This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution, diversity, and biocontrol potential of culturable endophytic fungi in the healthy roots of cultivated and wild Astragalus mongholicus (CA and WA), aiming to develop a microbiome-driven strategy for sustainable root rot management. A total of 304 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from roots of CA and WA, with 61 morphologically distinct representative strains identified via ITS sequencing. These strains belonged predominantly to Ascomycota (98.36%) and included 21 genera, with Fusarium (43.28%), Paraphoma (25.25%), and Alternaria (12.46%) as dominant genera. WA exhibited higher fungal diversity and evenness than CA, with community composition varying significantly by host age and cultivation status. Among the isolates, 177 strains (53 genera) showed antagonistic activity (≥ 30% inhibition rate) against root rot pathogens (F. acuminatum, F. solani, and F. oxysporum). Notably, Penicillium chrysogenum CA4-3 exhibited 78.96% inhibition against F. solani, while Paraphoma radicina CA3-15 displayed 70.23% inhibition against F. oxysporum. Bioactive strains were concentrated in 2 to 4-year-old CA roots, with Fusarium, Paraphoma, and Alternaria being the primary contributors. Mechanistic studies revealed that these fungi inhibited pathogens via secreted metabolites (causing mycelial deformation) or niche competition. The composition of endophytic fungi in A. mongholicus roots is dynamic and influenced by host development and cultivation practices. The antifungal active strain P. chrysogenum CA4-3 and P. radicina CA3-15 may possess potential value in controlling pathogenic fungi.