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<p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) can be challenging to control with current therapies. Modulating gut dysbiosis with probiotics is a promising approach, but the benefits depend on keeping the cell viability as they pass through gastrointestinal transit (GIT). This study developed an alginate microencapsulation system and evaluated its overall disease-modifying efficacy in an acetic acid–induced colitis model. <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> and&#xa0;<i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> were microencapsulated in calcium alginate beads via extrusion. Encapsulation efficiency, morphology, and viability under simulated GIT conditions were assessed. Forty-two male Wistar rats (non-colitic control; acetic acid-induced colitis) were gavaged for up to 12 days with normal saline, free or encapsulated probiotics, and/or mesalazine. Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon weight/length, histopathology, and colonic IFN-γ expression were measured; statistical significance was P &lt; 0.05. Results displayed that encapsulation yielded a high efficiency (91.00% ± 1.69%). In simulated GIT conditions, Δ0–120 log CFU was significantly smaller for encapsulated than for free probiotics. Combination of encapsulated probiotics with mesalazine (EMT) showed the lowest weight loss score across all probiotic-based groups (p &lt; 0.05). DAI declined from day 2 onward in most groups; by day 5, animals given encapsulated probiotics remained significantly different from non-colitic controls (p &lt; 0.05). Histopathological assessment showed that either encapsulated or free probiotics significantly lower histopathological scores compared to the colitis group (p &lt; 0.001), and real-time PCR revealed a significant difference between the EMT group compared to the colitis group (p &lt; 0.05). Together, alginate-microencapsulated formulations were more effective than free probiotics with regard to outcome improvements, indicating a viable UC management strategy that needs further investigation.</p>

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Disease-modifying efficacy of alginate-microencapsulated probiotics in an animal model of ulcerative colitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Mohammad Abavisani,
  • Khatereh Kharazmi,
  • Soheil Tafazzoli Mehrjardi,
  • Mohammad Saroughi,
  • Mohammad Bagher Habibi Najafi,
  • Seyed Mahdi Hassanian,
  • Zahra Meshkat,
  • Fereshteh Asgharzadeh,
  • Saman Soleimanpour,
  • Majid Khazaei

摘要

Ulcerative colitis (UC) can be challenging to control with current therapies. Modulating gut dysbiosis with probiotics is a promising approach, but the benefits depend on keeping the cell viability as they pass through gastrointestinal transit (GIT). This study developed an alginate microencapsulation system and evaluated its overall disease-modifying efficacy in an acetic acid–induced colitis model. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis were microencapsulated in calcium alginate beads via extrusion. Encapsulation efficiency, morphology, and viability under simulated GIT conditions were assessed. Forty-two male Wistar rats (non-colitic control; acetic acid-induced colitis) were gavaged for up to 12 days with normal saline, free or encapsulated probiotics, and/or mesalazine. Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon weight/length, histopathology, and colonic IFN-γ expression were measured; statistical significance was P < 0.05. Results displayed that encapsulation yielded a high efficiency (91.00% ± 1.69%). In simulated GIT conditions, Δ0–120 log CFU was significantly smaller for encapsulated than for free probiotics. Combination of encapsulated probiotics with mesalazine (EMT) showed the lowest weight loss score across all probiotic-based groups (p < 0.05). DAI declined from day 2 onward in most groups; by day 5, animals given encapsulated probiotics remained significantly different from non-colitic controls (p < 0.05). Histopathological assessment showed that either encapsulated or free probiotics significantly lower histopathological scores compared to the colitis group (p < 0.001), and real-time PCR revealed a significant difference between the EMT group compared to the colitis group (p < 0.05). Together, alginate-microencapsulated formulations were more effective than free probiotics with regard to outcome improvements, indicating a viable UC management strategy that needs further investigation.