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<p>The imbalance in Reactive power distribution caused by Line impedance difference within grid-forming VSG parallel systems is addressed in this work. A hybrid control strategy integrating Adaptive virtual impedance technology with a&#xa0;distributed finite-time consensus algorithm is proposed. First, a mathematical model for two parallel VSGs is established, and their power output characteristics are analyzed. Subsequently, a control strategy based on the finite-time consensus algorithm is developed, where virtual impedance parameters are dynamically adjusted to compensate for Line impedance difference. The ratio of each VSG's reactive power to its rated capacity is defined as the state variable, and finite-time synchronization is achieved via distributed communication. A simulation model consisting of five parallel-operated grid-forming VSGs is developed.&#xa0;Comparative experiments are conducted under conventional droop control, asymptotic consensus control, and the proposed finite-time consensus control.&#xa0;The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy&#xa0;achieves accurate proportional reactive power sharing according to capacity, effectively suppresses circulating currents, and maintains rapid system recovery during load transients. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed approach exhibits superior dynamic performance, faster convergence, and enhanced disturbance rejection capability, confirming its effectiveness and robustness.</p>

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Finite-time consensus-based reactive power allocation strategy for grid-forming VSG systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Yunjun Yu,
  • Yanlin Lai,
  • Zujian Huang

摘要

The imbalance in Reactive power distribution caused by Line impedance difference within grid-forming VSG parallel systems is addressed in this work. A hybrid control strategy integrating Adaptive virtual impedance technology with a distributed finite-time consensus algorithm is proposed. First, a mathematical model for two parallel VSGs is established, and their power output characteristics are analyzed. Subsequently, a control strategy based on the finite-time consensus algorithm is developed, where virtual impedance parameters are dynamically adjusted to compensate for Line impedance difference. The ratio of each VSG's reactive power to its rated capacity is defined as the state variable, and finite-time synchronization is achieved via distributed communication. A simulation model consisting of five parallel-operated grid-forming VSGs is developed. Comparative experiments are conducted under conventional droop control, asymptotic consensus control, and the proposed finite-time consensus control. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves accurate proportional reactive power sharing according to capacity, effectively suppresses circulating currents, and maintains rapid system recovery during load transients. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed approach exhibits superior dynamic performance, faster convergence, and enhanced disturbance rejection capability, confirming its effectiveness and robustness.