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<p>This paper presents a comparative study of AC and DC microgrids from both technical and economic perspectives. In both systems, electricity is generated using biomass and photovoltaic generators, with a battery bank providing storage and backup supply when needed. The performance of both microgrids is evaluated using the realistic load profile of a university hostel, along with actual solar and biomass data. Both microgrids are standalone, 100% renewable energy-based systems, comprising a 62&#xa0;kW biomass generator, a 27.6&#xa0;kW solar array, and 38 lithium-ion batteries. The AC microgrid utilizes a 27.2&#xa0;kW converter, while the DC microgrid uses a 58.9&#xa0;kW converter. The study assesses the performance of these microgrids over a full year, examining costs under various scenarios, generator responses, component cost comparisons, and the state of charge of the batteries. Both microgrids are designed and simulated using HOMER Pro optimization software. The results indicate that the AC microgrid has a slight advantage over the DC microgrid, primarily due to the higher availability of biomass at the selected site. Since biomass generation produces AC power, the AC microgrid requires less conversion, resulting in higher efficiency and lower converter costs.</p>

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Techno-economic analysis of AC and DC microgrid systems designed for a university campus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月28日

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  • Pradeep Kumar,
  • Rajneesh Pawar

摘要

This paper presents a comparative study of AC and DC microgrids from both technical and economic perspectives. In both systems, electricity is generated using biomass and photovoltaic generators, with a battery bank providing storage and backup supply when needed. The performance of both microgrids is evaluated using the realistic load profile of a university hostel, along with actual solar and biomass data. Both microgrids are standalone, 100% renewable energy-based systems, comprising a 62 kW biomass generator, a 27.6 kW solar array, and 38 lithium-ion batteries. The AC microgrid utilizes a 27.2 kW converter, while the DC microgrid uses a 58.9 kW converter. The study assesses the performance of these microgrids over a full year, examining costs under various scenarios, generator responses, component cost comparisons, and the state of charge of the batteries. Both microgrids are designed and simulated using HOMER Pro optimization software. The results indicate that the AC microgrid has a slight advantage over the DC microgrid, primarily due to the higher availability of biomass at the selected site. Since biomass generation produces AC power, the AC microgrid requires less conversion, resulting in higher efficiency and lower converter costs.