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<p>In this paper, a real-world fault event in the Iranian transmission grid is investigated, in which the event resulted in the tripping of a unit of a Combined-Cycle Power Plant (CCPP), while the other units remained unaffected. Detailed analysis presented herein shows that the tripping occurred due to inter-unit reactive power exchange between the gas and steam units within the CCPP. The findings reveal that the root cause of this phenomenon originated from the uncoordinated Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVRs) in the gas and steam units. This is due to employing a lead-lag-based AVR in the gas unit and a PID-based AVR in the steam unit, causing a mismatch in reactive power generation and absorption. Further investigation disclosed that the gas unit was commissioned earlier than the steam unit, and the original AVR settings were not properly coordinated. To resolve this issue, a method is proposed to re-tune the AVR parameters of both gas and steam units to synchronize their reactive power actions, ensuring stable operation during faults. This case study provides valuable insights into the importance of coordinating AVR settings in complex power systems. The findings are applicable to other power plants facing similar challenges in AVR synchronization and reactive power management.</p>

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Uncoordinated automatic voltage regulators and reactive power exchange-induced tripping in a real-world power plant: causes, impact, and mitigation strategy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Mahdi Sedghi,
  • Mahdi Zolfaghari,
  • Mohammad-Hassan Ravanji,
  • Adel Mohseni,
  • Ardeshir Mazkouri

摘要

In this paper, a real-world fault event in the Iranian transmission grid is investigated, in which the event resulted in the tripping of a unit of a Combined-Cycle Power Plant (CCPP), while the other units remained unaffected. Detailed analysis presented herein shows that the tripping occurred due to inter-unit reactive power exchange between the gas and steam units within the CCPP. The findings reveal that the root cause of this phenomenon originated from the uncoordinated Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVRs) in the gas and steam units. This is due to employing a lead-lag-based AVR in the gas unit and a PID-based AVR in the steam unit, causing a mismatch in reactive power generation and absorption. Further investigation disclosed that the gas unit was commissioned earlier than the steam unit, and the original AVR settings were not properly coordinated. To resolve this issue, a method is proposed to re-tune the AVR parameters of both gas and steam units to synchronize their reactive power actions, ensuring stable operation during faults. This case study provides valuable insights into the importance of coordinating AVR settings in complex power systems. The findings are applicable to other power plants facing similar challenges in AVR synchronization and reactive power management.