<p>Improving the performance of power inverters is essential for accelerating the adoption of renewable energy technologies. Photovoltaic (PV) inverters are key energy conversion systems that transform solar energy into electrical energy. Among them, transformerless single-phase grid-connected inverters offer advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, and high power density compared to transformer-based counterparts. However, a major drawback of transformerless inverters is the leakage ground current (LGC), an undesirable phenomenon that causes additional power losses, electromagnetic interference, protection malfunctions, and increased total harmonic distortion (THD). This paper presents a transformerless cascaded multilevel H-Bridge (CHB) inverter along with a novel passive output filter structure designed for n-level configurations to mitigate the LGC issue. The proposed filter is analyzed and generalized to n levels to enhance THD performance. The effectiveness of the solution is validated through simulations and experimental testing using a 1 kW laboratory prototype configured as a seven-level CHB inverter. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed filter reduces the LGC to 17.6 mA and 18.3 mA for the seven- and five-level configurations, respectively, while achieving THD values as low as 1.33% and 2.16%. The inverter efficiency reaches up to 97.7% for APOD, IPD, and POD modulation strategies, and 93.9% for PSPWM. These results confirm that the proposed system complies with international standards for both LGC and THD. The static and dynamic experimental behavior further demonstrates the robustness and feasibility of the proposed multilevel inverter for transformerless PV applications.</p>

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A n-level CHB single-phase inverter for PV transformerless systems

  • Panfilo R. Martinez-Rodriguez,
  • Gerardo Vazquez-Guzman,
  • Christopher. J. Rodriguez-Cortes,
  • Gerardo O. Perez-Bustos,
  • Dalyndha Aztatzi-Pluma,
  • Gerardo Escobar-Valderrama

摘要

Improving the performance of power inverters is essential for accelerating the adoption of renewable energy technologies. Photovoltaic (PV) inverters are key energy conversion systems that transform solar energy into electrical energy. Among them, transformerless single-phase grid-connected inverters offer advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, and high power density compared to transformer-based counterparts. However, a major drawback of transformerless inverters is the leakage ground current (LGC), an undesirable phenomenon that causes additional power losses, electromagnetic interference, protection malfunctions, and increased total harmonic distortion (THD). This paper presents a transformerless cascaded multilevel H-Bridge (CHB) inverter along with a novel passive output filter structure designed for n-level configurations to mitigate the LGC issue. The proposed filter is analyzed and generalized to n levels to enhance THD performance. The effectiveness of the solution is validated through simulations and experimental testing using a 1 kW laboratory prototype configured as a seven-level CHB inverter. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed filter reduces the LGC to 17.6 mA and 18.3 mA for the seven- and five-level configurations, respectively, while achieving THD values as low as 1.33% and 2.16%. The inverter efficiency reaches up to 97.7% for APOD, IPD, and POD modulation strategies, and 93.9% for PSPWM. These results confirm that the proposed system complies with international standards for both LGC and THD. The static and dynamic experimental behavior further demonstrates the robustness and feasibility of the proposed multilevel inverter for transformerless PV applications.