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<p>The transition toward sustainable energy sources is a critical global objective, and Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) serve as a key mechanism to incentivize the generation and consumption of renewable energy by certifying the production of green energy and facilitating its trade. REC management and trading represent a rapidly evolving and growing market-driven model, involving processes of issuance, verification, and exchange across public or private registries. Despite its importance in the energy trading market, REC model faces challenges in transparency, efficiency, and trust. This study aims to address the existing gap in comparative analysis of blockchain infrastructures for REC trading by implementing and experimentally evaluating two decentralized applications (dApps): <i>SolRECify</i> on Solana and <i>CertEth</i> on Ethereum. The main objective of this work is to assess the technical performance, economic cost, and operational trade-offs between the two platforms in the context of REC management. The evaluation focuses on key workload actions—REC issuance, sale, and request submission, which represent core market operations. Experiments were conducted to reflect real-world resource limitations often faced in decentralized application deployments. Our findings indicate that, based on experimental evaluation, Solana achieves up to 85% faster transaction processing (median relative time savings) and significantly lower transaction fees compared to Ethereum, making it suitable for dynamic REC markets. However, Ethereum’s robust security features and regulatory maturity position it as a more stable choice for compliance-oriented and long-term scalable REC applications. These results highlight the trade-offs between speed, cost, and security in blockchain-based REC management.</p>

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Revolutionizing REC management: comparative study of Solana and Ethereum blockchain implementations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Panagiotis Vionis,
  • Ioannis E. Livieris,
  • Theodore Kotsilieris

摘要

The transition toward sustainable energy sources is a critical global objective, and Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) serve as a key mechanism to incentivize the generation and consumption of renewable energy by certifying the production of green energy and facilitating its trade. REC management and trading represent a rapidly evolving and growing market-driven model, involving processes of issuance, verification, and exchange across public or private registries. Despite its importance in the energy trading market, REC model faces challenges in transparency, efficiency, and trust. This study aims to address the existing gap in comparative analysis of blockchain infrastructures for REC trading by implementing and experimentally evaluating two decentralized applications (dApps): SolRECify on Solana and CertEth on Ethereum. The main objective of this work is to assess the technical performance, economic cost, and operational trade-offs between the two platforms in the context of REC management. The evaluation focuses on key workload actions—REC issuance, sale, and request submission, which represent core market operations. Experiments were conducted to reflect real-world resource limitations often faced in decentralized application deployments. Our findings indicate that, based on experimental evaluation, Solana achieves up to 85% faster transaction processing (median relative time savings) and significantly lower transaction fees compared to Ethereum, making it suitable for dynamic REC markets. However, Ethereum’s robust security features and regulatory maturity position it as a more stable choice for compliance-oriented and long-term scalable REC applications. These results highlight the trade-offs between speed, cost, and security in blockchain-based REC management.