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<p>This paper proposes a three-loop control method based on sliding mode control and internal model control (SMC-IMC) to improve the dynamic performance and robustness of free-piston Stirling linear power generation systems. By combining the robustness of SMC with the decoupling capability of IMC, the proposed method reduces steady-state errors and enhances the anti-disturbance capabilities of the position and speed loops. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SMC-IMC strategy significantly outperforms conventional PI control in terms of dynamic performance. The proposed method reduces the settling time by 40% (from 0.005 to 0.003&#xa0;s), decreases the steady-state speed error by 70% (from 0.5 to 0.15&#xa0;m/s), and reduces overshoot from 33 to 6%. Furthermore, under parameter variations such as inductance and thrust changes, the SMC-IMC method maintains stability, whereas the PI control becomes unstable. These results confirm the advantages of SMC-IMC in stability, accuracy, and rapidity, providing an effective solution to improve system performance and ensure stable power generation operations.</p>

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Starting control of free piston Stirling linear generator based on sliding mode control–internal mode control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Qiaoling Yang,
  • Shunwu Liu,
  • Huijun Shi,
  • Kechun Zhang

摘要

This paper proposes a three-loop control method based on sliding mode control and internal model control (SMC-IMC) to improve the dynamic performance and robustness of free-piston Stirling linear power generation systems. By combining the robustness of SMC with the decoupling capability of IMC, the proposed method reduces steady-state errors and enhances the anti-disturbance capabilities of the position and speed loops. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SMC-IMC strategy significantly outperforms conventional PI control in terms of dynamic performance. The proposed method reduces the settling time by 40% (from 0.005 to 0.003 s), decreases the steady-state speed error by 70% (from 0.5 to 0.15 m/s), and reduces overshoot from 33 to 6%. Furthermore, under parameter variations such as inductance and thrust changes, the SMC-IMC method maintains stability, whereas the PI control becomes unstable. These results confirm the advantages of SMC-IMC in stability, accuracy, and rapidity, providing an effective solution to improve system performance and ensure stable power generation operations.