<p>In this paper, a speed control method for surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drives based on a fast-anti-disturbance finite-time disturbance observer (F-AEFTDO) is proposed to enhance speed tracking and disturbance rejection capability. Firstly, the analytical model of the speed loop disturbance of a SPMSM is established, where the contributions of external disturbances and internal disturbances are considered. The generation mechanisms of the speed loop disturbance are investigated in detail. Furthermore, based on the analytical speed loop disturbance mathematical model, an adjustable degree of freedom is introduced in the speed estimation strategy to improve the dynamic response of the SPMSM. Taking the dynamic response improvement as the optimization objective, the adjustable degrees of freedom is added and the corresponding finite-time control strategy is carried out to improves the dynamic response of the system. By analyzing the tracking, disturbance resistance and stability of the whole system, compared to the conventional scheme, the control freedom degree of the F-AEFTDO in the SPMSM drive is fully utilized and the speed response of the whole system can be significantly improved. Experimental results further confirm the reliability and superiority of the proposed scheme under identical control parameters.</p>