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<p>The concept of microgrids (MGs) has gathered considerable attention to enhance the efficiency of contemporary power systems. Microgrids provide bidirectional power flow, which highlights the importance of effective protection for dependable operation. Coordination of relays is a critical aspect of the protection system. This paper outlines the significant challenges related to relay coordination in MGs, such as substantial variations in short-circuit currents and bi-directional power flows. In this paper, a communication-based protection scheme has been developed to incorporate the different relay settings for different operating modes. This paper implements particle swarm optimization (PSO) hybridized with grey wolf optimization (GWO), i.e. Hybrid PSO-GWO, to solve the nonlinear objective function with all the constraints. The algorithm is implemented to obtain two different relay settings, TDS and CPS, in each of the operating modes, GCM and IM, for proper relay coordination in microgrid in consideration with various contingencies like line outages and solar irradiance variation. Further, this hybrid algorithm is compared to the metaheuristic algorithm PSO in terms of number of iterations and possibility of getting an optimized global solution.</p>

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Optimization of relay coordination in communication-assisted microgrid using hybrid PSO-GWO algorithm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Prashant Kumar,
  • Ankur Singh Rana

摘要

The concept of microgrids (MGs) has gathered considerable attention to enhance the efficiency of contemporary power systems. Microgrids provide bidirectional power flow, which highlights the importance of effective protection for dependable operation. Coordination of relays is a critical aspect of the protection system. This paper outlines the significant challenges related to relay coordination in MGs, such as substantial variations in short-circuit currents and bi-directional power flows. In this paper, a communication-based protection scheme has been developed to incorporate the different relay settings for different operating modes. This paper implements particle swarm optimization (PSO) hybridized with grey wolf optimization (GWO), i.e. Hybrid PSO-GWO, to solve the nonlinear objective function with all the constraints. The algorithm is implemented to obtain two different relay settings, TDS and CPS, in each of the operating modes, GCM and IM, for proper relay coordination in microgrid in consideration with various contingencies like line outages and solar irradiance variation. Further, this hybrid algorithm is compared to the metaheuristic algorithm PSO in terms of number of iterations and possibility of getting an optimized global solution.