Wind power-based model predictive grid frequency regulation with wind disturbance compensation utilizing power response delay

The large-scale penetration of wind power helps to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment. However, the generations of wind power are random and intermittent. It fluctuates the frequency of power grids, which hinders the further utilization of wind power. This paper proposes a dual predictive frequency regulation (FR) scheme for wind power integrated power grids. The dual-prediction-based scheme incorporates wind power predictions into a model predictive strategy for automatic generation controls (AGC). The wind power prediction compensates for the impacts of randomness and intermittency of wind power generation. Rather than using wind models, the wind power predictions are derived from the maximal reference outputs of wind turbines, which can be simply calculated according to measured wind speed. Simulations on single-area power system considering aggregation of wind turbines are performed to verify the proposed scheme. Compared to traditional AGC strategies, the proposed strategy reduced the IAE, ITAE, ISE, and ITSE errors of system frequency deviation by 60.27%, 32.23%, 77.3% and 68.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the range of system frequency deviation was reduced from ±0.26Hz to ±0.2Hz, verifying the effectiveness of predictive disturbance intervention.