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Summary <p>To examine whether GLP1-RA is associated with increased fracture risk, we compared 337,648 people with fractures to 675,296 people without fractures. Our adjusted analysis found that people with fractures tended to use GLP1-RA less often than people without fractures. This suggests that GLP1-RA may reduce fracture risk.</p> Background <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists were introduced as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus with weight loss as a beneficial side effect. Since then, the medications have been approved as weight-loss medication. However, rapid and substantial weight loss can lead to bone loss and increased fracture risk.</p> Methods <p>We identified persons aged 30–90 years with a fracture between 2017 and 2021 and matched them 1:2 with fracture-free controls by sex and year of birth. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for any fracture and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) associated with GLP-1 receptor agonist use. Analyses were adjusted for relevant risk factors.</p> Results <p>A total of 337,648 fracture cases and 675,296 fracture-free controls were included. In the unadjusted analyses, GLP-1 receptor agonist use did not differ between cases and controls (any fracture OR [confidence intervals (CI)], 1.00 [0.97–1.04]; MOF OR [CI], 0.96 [0.90–1.02]). In the adjusted analyses, GLP-1 receptor agonists were used less frequently in the group that sustained any fracture (OR [CI], 0.94 [0.90–0.97]) or MOF (OR [CI], 0.88 [0.83–0.94]) compared to the controls.</p> Conclusion <p>GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce fracture risk, suggesting a potential protective effect on bone health.</p>

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The association between GLP-1 receptor agonists and fractures: a nationwide Danish nested case-control study

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Annika Vestergaard Kvist,
  • Sally Søgaard Andersen,
  • Peter Vestergaard,
  • Rikke Viggers

摘要

Summary

To examine whether GLP1-RA is associated with increased fracture risk, we compared 337,648 people with fractures to 675,296 people without fractures. Our adjusted analysis found that people with fractures tended to use GLP1-RA less often than people without fractures. This suggests that GLP1-RA may reduce fracture risk.

Background

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists were introduced as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus with weight loss as a beneficial side effect. Since then, the medications have been approved as weight-loss medication. However, rapid and substantial weight loss can lead to bone loss and increased fracture risk.

Methods

We identified persons aged 30–90 years with a fracture between 2017 and 2021 and matched them 1:2 with fracture-free controls by sex and year of birth. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for any fracture and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) associated with GLP-1 receptor agonist use. Analyses were adjusted for relevant risk factors.

Results

A total of 337,648 fracture cases and 675,296 fracture-free controls were included. In the unadjusted analyses, GLP-1 receptor agonist use did not differ between cases and controls (any fracture OR [confidence intervals (CI)], 1.00 [0.97–1.04]; MOF OR [CI], 0.96 [0.90–1.02]). In the adjusted analyses, GLP-1 receptor agonists were used less frequently in the group that sustained any fracture (OR [CI], 0.94 [0.90–0.97]) or MOF (OR [CI], 0.88 [0.83–0.94]) compared to the controls.

Conclusion

GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce fracture risk, suggesting a potential protective effect on bone health.