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<p>Parenting styles are important determinants of children’s cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, yet little is known about how parental education shapes these styles. This paper exploits exogenous variation in educational attainment induced by compulsory schooling reforms across 16 European countries to estimate the causal effect of education on parenting styles using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design. Combining data from all waves of the World Values Survey and the European Values Study, I classify individuals’ parenting styles based on their stated parenting values. The results show that education significantly reduces the likelihood of adopting an authoritarian parenting style. There is also evidence of gender heterogeneity: education increases the probability of adopting an authoritative style among women, while effects for men are negligible. These findings suggest that education plays an important role in shaping parenting styles and highlight an additional channel through which compulsory schooling policies may have long-run intergenerational effects.</p>

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Parental education and parenting styles: quasi-experimental evidence from compulsory schooling reforms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Songtao Yang

摘要

Parenting styles are important determinants of children’s cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, yet little is known about how parental education shapes these styles. This paper exploits exogenous variation in educational attainment induced by compulsory schooling reforms across 16 European countries to estimate the causal effect of education on parenting styles using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design. Combining data from all waves of the World Values Survey and the European Values Study, I classify individuals’ parenting styles based on their stated parenting values. The results show that education significantly reduces the likelihood of adopting an authoritarian parenting style. There is also evidence of gender heterogeneity: education increases the probability of adopting an authoritative style among women, while effects for men are negligible. These findings suggest that education plays an important role in shaping parenting styles and highlight an additional channel through which compulsory schooling policies may have long-run intergenerational effects.