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<p>Recent advancements in laser sources and optical systems have significantly enhanced laser cutting of thick metallic materials. However, even at a constant laser power level, optimizing process parameters can further improve the cutting performance. One key parameter is the type of assist gas used. A recent development in the laser cutting industry involves employing a mixed assist gas, containing nitrogen with a low concentration of oxygen, for cutting mild steel. This study investigates the application of such mixed assist gas for cutting stainless steel with thicknesses of 10, 12, and 15&#xa0;mm. The results show that using the mixed assist gas allows for an increase in the cutting speed and produces dross-free edges. Nevertheless, microscopic analysis reveals a chaotic recast layer along the cut edge, resulting in higher surface roughness. Experimental measurements indicate that both the kerf width and cutting speed increase when using the mixed assist gas, suggesting the presence of additional energy from exothermic reactions. Furthermore, the cutting temperature rises under these conditions. Finally, EDX and XRD analyses provide information on the oxide types and phases formed on the cut surface. Accordingly, the exothermic reaction power is estimated by combining phase-diagram considerations with stoichiometric analysis.</p>

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Laser cutting of thick stainless steel plates using mixed nitrogen-oxygen assist gas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Masoud Kardan,
  • Michele Vanini,
  • Kim Vanmeensel,
  • Joost R. Duflou

摘要

Recent advancements in laser sources and optical systems have significantly enhanced laser cutting of thick metallic materials. However, even at a constant laser power level, optimizing process parameters can further improve the cutting performance. One key parameter is the type of assist gas used. A recent development in the laser cutting industry involves employing a mixed assist gas, containing nitrogen with a low concentration of oxygen, for cutting mild steel. This study investigates the application of such mixed assist gas for cutting stainless steel with thicknesses of 10, 12, and 15 mm. The results show that using the mixed assist gas allows for an increase in the cutting speed and produces dross-free edges. Nevertheless, microscopic analysis reveals a chaotic recast layer along the cut edge, resulting in higher surface roughness. Experimental measurements indicate that both the kerf width and cutting speed increase when using the mixed assist gas, suggesting the presence of additional energy from exothermic reactions. Furthermore, the cutting temperature rises under these conditions. Finally, EDX and XRD analyses provide information on the oxide types and phases formed on the cut surface. Accordingly, the exothermic reaction power is estimated by combining phase-diagram considerations with stoichiometric analysis.