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<p>Despite the advantages of additive manufacturing (AM), electroplating on AM surfaces has not been extensively studied. This work explores the adhesion and solderability of electroplated nickel on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and bound powder extrusion (BPE) AM surfaces. In this study, LPBF and BPE samples of 17 - 4PH stainless steel are electroplated using different bath chemistries, Watts and Goldeneye, to achieve varying thicknesses and morphologies of nickel plating. Results are discussed in terms of surface roughness plating adhesion and solderability of the plated materials, demonstrating the feasibility of electroplating AM metal surfaces. LPBF samples were found to exhibit weaker adhesion compared to BPE and wrought controls due to a combination of topographic and chemical effects. LPBF sample in particular showed more interface separation and cling on particles embedded in the Ni platting layer. The Ni strike layer is found to be critical to producing a good metallic bond between plating and substrate, pointing to the importance of striping the native oxide layer which is more challenging for the LPBF surfaces. The Goldeneye platings were found to produce lower surface roughness, as well as higher adhesion and solderability.</p>

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Electroplating additively manufactured stainless steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月24日

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  • Natalia Saiz,
  • Tylan Watkins,
  • Joshua Minster,
  • Benjamin White

摘要

Despite the advantages of additive manufacturing (AM), electroplating on AM surfaces has not been extensively studied. This work explores the adhesion and solderability of electroplated nickel on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and bound powder extrusion (BPE) AM surfaces. In this study, LPBF and BPE samples of 17 - 4PH stainless steel are electroplated using different bath chemistries, Watts and Goldeneye, to achieve varying thicknesses and morphologies of nickel plating. Results are discussed in terms of surface roughness plating adhesion and solderability of the plated materials, demonstrating the feasibility of electroplating AM metal surfaces. LPBF samples were found to exhibit weaker adhesion compared to BPE and wrought controls due to a combination of topographic and chemical effects. LPBF sample in particular showed more interface separation and cling on particles embedded in the Ni platting layer. The Ni strike layer is found to be critical to producing a good metallic bond between plating and substrate, pointing to the importance of striping the native oxide layer which is more challenging for the LPBF surfaces. The Goldeneye platings were found to produce lower surface roughness, as well as higher adhesion and solderability.