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<p>During their service life, polymer composites are susceptible to structural damage, such as delamination, when subjected to low-velocity impact (LVI). This affects their mechanical properties and structural integrity. This work investigates the benefits of adding 0.5 wt% carbon nanofibres (CNFs) to an epoxy matrix on the single and multiple impact response of carbon fibre reinforced laminates. Single impact tests, with energy ranging from 1&#xa0;J to 9&#xa0;J, showed that the addition of CNFs resulted in a 16.3% increase in the penetration threshold of the laminates. For an impact of 9&#xa0;J, the nano-reinforced laminates showed a 10.9% higher maximum load, a 22.1% higher restored energy, and a 22.9% greater impact bending stiffness compared to the control laminates. In the multi-impact tests, conducted at energies of 3&#xa0;J, 5&#xa0;J, and 7&#xa0;J, the addition of CNFs led to fatigue lives approximately five times longer than those of the control laminates. These improvements are attributed to the enhanced mechanical performance of the matrix and better load transfer, as CNFs act as an interlaminar reinforcing agent that hinders crack initiation and propagation under dynamic loading.</p>

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Multiple impact response of carbon nanofibre reinforced carbon fibre laminates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月13日

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  • Paulo Santos,
  • Abílio P. Silva,
  • Paulo N. B. Reis

摘要

During their service life, polymer composites are susceptible to structural damage, such as delamination, when subjected to low-velocity impact (LVI). This affects their mechanical properties and structural integrity. This work investigates the benefits of adding 0.5 wt% carbon nanofibres (CNFs) to an epoxy matrix on the single and multiple impact response of carbon fibre reinforced laminates. Single impact tests, with energy ranging from 1 J to 9 J, showed that the addition of CNFs resulted in a 16.3% increase in the penetration threshold of the laminates. For an impact of 9 J, the nano-reinforced laminates showed a 10.9% higher maximum load, a 22.1% higher restored energy, and a 22.9% greater impact bending stiffness compared to the control laminates. In the multi-impact tests, conducted at energies of 3 J, 5 J, and 7 J, the addition of CNFs led to fatigue lives approximately five times longer than those of the control laminates. These improvements are attributed to the enhanced mechanical performance of the matrix and better load transfer, as CNFs act as an interlaminar reinforcing agent that hinders crack initiation and propagation under dynamic loading.